March 2026 in “Medeniyet Medical Journal” This study found that hypoxia-conditioned mesenchymal stem cell exosomes increased GM-CSF and decreased IL-1 expression in a dose-dependent manner in a murine model, suggesting potential for treating androgenetic alopecia.
January 2024 in “Biological Research” This study found that mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes reduced hearing and hair cell loss caused by neomycin in experimental models by modulating autophagy, which promoted cell survival and lowered oxidative stress and apoptosis, indicating potential for deafness treatment.
April 2023 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Exosomes protect ear hair cells from damage by controlling cell waste removal, potentially helping treat hearing loss.
June 2026 in “Journal of Nanobiotechnology” This study reported that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes may promote hair regeneration and thickness in androgenic alopecia by modulating cellular pathways in hair growth, including increasing hair density and diameter, as observed in a mouse model and an exploratory clinical trial.
In this study, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes were found to promote the growth of human hair dermal papilla cells, partly by enhancing AKT-dependent signaling pathways, suggesting a potential role in treating hair loss.
July 2026 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology”
November 2023 in “Klìtinna ta organna transplantologìâ” This study reviews the regenerative potential and clinical applications of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in conditions like COVID-19, alopecia, skin aging, and osteoarthritis, highlighting their role as a promising tool in regenerative medicine.
44 citations
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April 2021 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” This review discusses the potential role of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived exosomes in skin regeneration and calls for more research to address clinical translation challenges, without reporting new results.
28 citations
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April 2023 in “Stem cell research & therapy” This study reviews the roles and mechanisms of MSC-derived exosomes in wound healing, noting their potential as promising cell-free therapies for cutaneous regeneration.
September 2025 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” This analysis concluded that mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome therapy may offer a promising and safe approach for hair restoration, especially in androgenetic alopecia, despite limitations in study consistency and size.
1 citations
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June 2023 in “Cells” This review highlights exosomes as a promising treatment for skin damage from UV light, infrared radiation, burns, and disorders due to their anti-inflammatory properties, ability to induce macrophage polarization, and acceleration of skin repair and regeneration.
August 2025 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy” This study found that exosomes from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells significantly promoted hair follicle growth and enhanced the transition to the growth phase in a model of androgenetic alopecia, by enriching specific microRNAs that activate key pathways involved in hair regeneration.
4 citations
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February 2021 in “Nano select” This review discusses the role and therapeutic potential of mesenchymal cell-derived exosomes in organ development and disease treatment, highlighting their application in cell-free therapeutic strategies and current challenges faced in their use.
November 2025 in “Eurasian journal of applied biotechnology” This study found that 15 clinical trials have been registered to investigate the use of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes for treating skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases, particularly alopecia, with a growing global interest and most trials conducted in the United States and China.
July 2025 in “Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy” This analysis found that mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes show potential as a safe and effective treatment for various skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases.
In this study, human hair dermal papilla cells were incubated with varying concentrations of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell exosomes or minoxidil, and cell proliferation was assessed, showing significant results compared to the control.
4 citations
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January 2022 in “BioMed Research International” This review found that mesenchymal stem cells and their derived exosomes are a potentially safe and well-tolerated treatment for lung healing in patients with COVID-19.
June 2025 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” This case study reports that reducing scalp massage following minoxidil application and using mesenchymal stem cell exosomes led to significant improvement in hair condition for a patient with trichorrhexis nodosa.
773 citations
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August 2017 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This article reviews the potential advantages of secretome derivatives from human uterine cervical stem cells in MSC therapy and notes the need for regulatory standards to ensure safety and efficacy.
This review examines the potential of stem cells and their derived products, such as exosomes and conditioned media, in improving burn wound healing but presents no new clinical data.
January 2024 in “Journal of Biosciences and Medicines” This research suggests that recent discoveries of signaling pathways in androgenic alopecia may pave the way for targeted therapies, providing potential new treatment options beyond the current FDA-approved drugs, minoxidil and finasteride.
320 citations
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December 2018 in “Frontiers in Immunology” This review explores how preconditioning mesenchymal stromal cells can impact their secretome's therapeutic potential in regenerative medicine, emphasizing immunomodulatory and regenerative functions, but provides no new clinical results.
8 citations
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October 2022 in “Regenerative Therapy” This review discusses regenerative medicine approaches for treating alopecia, including mesenchymal stem cell therapies and platelet-rich plasma, but reports no new clinical results, emphasizing the need for further study.
16 citations
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January 2024 in “World Journal of Stem Cells” This review highlights the need for optimizing mesenchymal stromal/stem cell therapy through tailored in vitro strategies to unlock their full potential for treating specific diseases.
March 2022 in “Research Square (Research Square)” This study reported that pelage hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells isolated from mice using Ficoll Density Gradient Sedimentation can be obtained in large numbers and may promote hair growth via exosome secretion.
April 2025 in “OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University)” This study found that exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells enhanced the growth of human hair dermal papilla cells by promoting cell cycle progression and activating PI3K and Akt-dependent pathways, indicating potential for hair loss treatment.
March 2025 in “World Journal of Stem Cells” This study found that human adipose-derived MSC exosomes (hADSC-Exos) may enhance dermal papillary cell proliferation and migration by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, potentially reversing the effects of dihydrotestosterone in androgenetic alopecia.
January 2024 in “Theranostics” This study found that hypoxia-preconditioned HF-MSC-derived exosomes improved therapeutic outcomes in models of ulcerative colitis, potentially through miR-214-3p-mediated pathways affecting mitochondrial function and inflammatory responses.
November 2024 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” In this case series, mesenchymal stem cell exosomes were reported to improve hair length, density, pigmentation, and cuticle layer recovery in three patients with acquired trichorrhexis nodosa, suggesting potential as a therapeutic approach for this hair condition.
April 2026 in “Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education” This study found that in a fluconazole-induced alopecia-like rat model, a 14-day treatment with hypoxia-induced mesenchymal stem cell exosomes significantly increased TGF-β and PDGF levels, which may improve hair growth and suggests a potential therapeutic strategy for alopecia and other inflammation-related skin disorders.