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This study found that proretinal nanoparticles, applied topically, are safe and effective for penetration into hair follicles, enhancing retinoid biological activity in the skin while reducing irritation compared to conventional retinal formulations.

This review discusses various nanoparticles and nanoemulsions being investigated for transdermal drug delivery and reports no clinical results; it highlights potential applications in treating alopecia, wound healing, psoriasis, and melanoma.

This study found that sub-100 nm size solid lipid nanoparticles showed the most effective skin penetration and depth, mainly via hair follicles, in rat skin.

This review describes recent advances in using nanoparticles for drug delivery to hair follicles, with potential applications in treating skin diseases such as alopecia and acne, but reports no new findings.

This study found that a eupafolin nanoparticle delivery system improved water solubility and skin penetration, enhancing its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects against particulate matter-induced stress in skin cells.

Tiny particles carrying roxithromycin can effectively target and deliver the drug to hair follicles without irritation.

This study found that 50-nm PLGA nanoparticles delivered with iontophoresis enhanced skin permeation of indomethacin in rats more effectively than 100-nm nanoparticles, suggesting improved targeting of hair follicles.

In this study, a newly developed nanoparticle-loaded hydrogel wound dressing demonstrated significant antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and proangiogenic activities, effectively reducing pain and promoting healing in a murine burn wound model while preventing infection by *Staphylococcus aureus*.

This study found that treating paracoccidioidomycosis-infected mice with a nanoparticle formulation of itraconazole led to higher drug accumulation in lung, liver, and spleen tissues, improved treatment efficacy, and reduced side effects compared to traditional oral solutions.

This review discusses the role of nanoparticles in cancer diagnosis and treatment and outlines their potential to improve outcomes by reducing systemic toxicity and overcoming multidrug resistance, though it reports no new clinical results.

This study demonstrated that minoxidil-encapsulated PLLGA nanoparticles significantly increased minoxidil delivery to hair follicles compared to a minoxidil aqueous solution in mice.

This review discusses various nanoparticles used to enhance skin permeation and target delivery to skin organelles, but reports no new experimental results.

This review discusses the challenges and contradictions in understanding nanoparticle penetration and toxicity in human skin, emphasizing the need for standardized testing and further research on particles smaller than 10 nm.

This review examines the potential of nanoparticles for localized drug delivery via hair follicles but reports no new clinical results, with the authors noting a lack of commercial development despite research progress.

This study demonstrates that transfected epidermal stem cells using a novel 3D transfection system significantly enhanced wound healing and may serve as an effective therapeutic agent and gene delivery method for wound treatment.

This study suggests that using particle-bound antiseptics may provide more effective and longer-lasting skin antisepsis compared to their non-particulate forms.

This study developed solid lipid nanoparticles for effective delivery of shRNA-encoding plasmids, showing reduced 5α-reductase levels in DU-145 cells without significant cytotoxicity.

This study found that low-frequency sonophoresis significantly decreased the skin penetration of sodium fluorescein-loaded PEGylated liposomes with D-limonene and affected percutaneous absorption by partially plugging hair follicle orifices.

This review highlights recent advancements in using nanotechnology to improve the function and delivery of PROTAC drugs, despite existing challenges like low solubility and poor permeability, aiming to enhance their potential in disease treatment.

This study found that dexamethasone-loaded Eudragit® L 100 nanoparticles displayed controlled drug release depending on pH levels, with minimal toxicity to human fibroblasts.

This study investigated the use of Minoxidil encapsulated in HA-PLGA nanoparticles for alopecia treatment and found that these nanoparticles efficiently delivered the drug to hair follicle cells without significant cytotoxicity, offering a potential transdermal delivery method for various diseases.

This review discusses the integration of nanoparticles with microneedles to improve drug delivery through enhanced stability, bioavailability, and controlled release, noting ongoing challenges with stability, scalability, and safety.

This review discusses the design and advances of lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles as promising delivery systems for genome editing strategies, highlighting their potential in biomedical applications.

In this study, gold nanoparticles-embedded ceria nanoparticles with enhanced antioxidant activities effectively reduced inflammation and colon injury in a colitis mouse model, suggesting their potential as a nano-therapeutic for inflammatory bowel disease.

This study found that surface-modified liquid crystalline nanoparticles significantly enhanced skin permeation of finasteride and dutasteride compared to unmodified nanoparticles, suggesting potential for improved treatment efficacy in androgenetic alopecia.

This review discusses lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles for dermatological applications, outlining their structural and formulation advancements, but reports no new clinical results and calls for further research on their therapeutic potential.

In this study, researchers developed iron-curcumin-coordinated nanoparticles to enhance curcumin's bioavailability and therapeutic effects, finding that these nanoparticles accelerate wound healing in diabetic mice by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress more effectively than free curcumin.

This study found that a lacticin 3147 solid lipid nanoparticle gel demonstrated potent and sustained antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, including MRSA, in ex vivo S. aureus-infected pig skin.

This study reported a green synthesis method for copper oxide nanoparticles using pumpkin seed extract, achieving significant antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis and moderate cytotoxic effects against certain cancer cell lines, indicating potential biomedical applications for these eco-friendly nanomaterials.

This review discusses various nanocarriers for gene and genome editing therapies, highlighting that ionizable lipid nanoparticles show advanced delivery performance, while emerging polymer-based and exosome-inspired carriers are rapidly advancing for targeted applications.