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In this study, silver nanoparticles were found to penetrate porcine skin to depths ranging from 11.1 μm to 15.6 μm, potentially surpassing the stratum corneum thickness.

This study concluded that a liquid serum formulation delivered two fluorescent dyes to deeper follicular regions more effectively than nanoparticle systems.

This study found that nanoparticles did not permeate intact rat skin but could penetrate skin that had been artificially punctured, primarily through grooves or hair follicles.

In this study, researchers developed a new method for producing dissolving microneedle array patches containing mesoporous silica nanoparticles, successfully confirming nanoparticle deposition and release in both ex vivo and in vivo models.

In this study, transcutaneously applied nanoparticles and viral vectors were shown to penetrate murine hair follicles, internalize in antigen-presenting cells, and induce immune responses, suggesting a promising approach for vaccine delivery.

In this study, using an ex vivo porcine skin model, researchers found that a 4% nanoparticle concentration significantly enhanced the transport of fluorescein sodium into hair follicles compared to a 2% concentration, while higher concentrations did not further increase penetration depth.

This study found that fractional laser treatment significantly enhances the penetration and targeting of certain permeants, such as imiquimod and FD, to skin follicles, but not hydroquinone.

In this study, researchers used a 3D in vitro organ culture system to show that rifampicin-loaded lipid nanocapsules can penetrate hair follicles more effectively than free rifampicin, highlighting the potential advantage of nanocarrier-based antibiotic treatments for follicular infections.

PMS nanoparticles improve damaged hair by protecting and restoring its surface and color.

This study reported that a modified nanoprecipitation protocol can effectively create PLA nanoparticles capable of delivering compounds into hair follicles, with promising potential for hair follicle therapy and cosmetic applications.

Phospholipid-coated nanoparticles penetrate hair follicles better than others, especially in pig ears.

This study found that sub-100 nm solid lipid nanoparticles showed the most effective skin penetration and depth, primarily via hair follicles, in rat skin evaluations.

This study found that coating liquid crystalline nanoparticles with chitosan significantly enhanced the skin permeation of 5α-reductase inhibitors, suggesting a promising strategy for improving topical delivery in androgenetic alopecia treatment.

Nanoparticles have diverse applications, including promising cancer treatments and hair growth solutions.

This study found that a curcumin-labeled particle-associated antiseptic penetrated deeper into hair follicles in porcine skin than particles without antiseptic.

This study found that composite chitosan nanofibers containing luminescent europium complexes can sensitively detect Cu2+ concentrations as low as 10 μmol/L, making them suitable for use in biological systems.

This study found that water-filtered infrared A radiation can induce the release of a model drug from gold nanoparticle-doped particles in hair follicles in an ex vivo porcine skin model, suggesting feasibility for follicular drug delivery systems.

The new minoxidil hydrogel improves delivery and is safe for treating hair loss.

This study reports that RU 58841-myristate, a new antiandrogen prodrug formulated with solid lipid nanoparticles, shows potential for targeting hair follicles in preclinical laboratory settings.

The researchers suggest that combining microneedle technology with nanocarriers could enhance drug delivery systems for treating central neurological diseases due to nanoparticles' ability to prolong blood circulation time and improve brain targeting.

This review discusses recent advances in imaging techniques for monitoring stem cells in vivo and reports no new results; it suggests directions for future development in endoscopic molecular imaging tools.

This study found that surface modified nanoparticles showed increased skin permeation and improvement in allergic contact dermatitis, independent of the follicular pathway.

This study found that PEGylation of nanoparticles enhances their penetration into hair follicles, with higher molecular weight PEG resulting in deeper follicular delivery.

This study found that ZnO nanoparticles in topical skin products do not penetrate beyond the outer skin layers in humans, suggesting minimal safety concerns for subdermal absorption.

This study concluded that polymeric nanoparticles effectively targeted hair follicles for drug delivery, but the organogel formulation did not enhance their penetration into the hair shaft.

This study suggests that the hydrogel nanoparticle formulation of hair growth-promoting compounds may enhance hair follicle penetration and induce hair growth in tested models, demonstrating its potential as a hair growth treatment.

This study concludes that phospholipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles may be an effective delivery system for quercetin in treating androgenic alopecia by improving hair regrowth and preventing hair follicle cell apoptosis in rat models.

This review discusses nanoparticle-based topical delivery systems for treating skin diseases and presents no new clinical findings; it emphasizes natural polymer-based nanoparticles and future applications like targeted drug delivery.

This study found that polymeric nanoparticle suspensions can deliver poorly water-soluble drugs to hair follicles in animal models, suggesting a promising method for targeted topical treatments.

In this study, researchers developed isotretinoin-loaded Delonix polymeric nanoparticles that target hair follicles and found they effectively sustained drug release, reduced IL-6 production in vitro without inhibiting P. acnes, and may prevent isotretinoin-related skin irritation in vivo in Wistar rats.