This study observed that exosomes derived from adipose-derived stem cells significantly enhanced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell migration and osteogenesis, leading to improved bone regeneration in a rat model of calvarial defects.
November 2025 in “JPRAS Open” This study found that while exosome therapy shows promise for treating AGA, AA, and CIA, its integration into routine practice will depend on rigorous clinical trials and standardized manufacturing and regulatory practices to ensure safety and reproducibility.
July 2025 in “World Journal of Stem Cells” This review highlights that exosome-based therapies show promise for hair regeneration by modulating signaling pathways and enhancing hair follicle regeneration; however, further clinical research is needed due to variability in methods and limited clinical studies.
4 citations
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December 2022 in “Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology” This review discusses the role of exosomes in medical aesthetics, focusing on their mechanisms, production, and preservation, but reports no new clinical results and highlights barriers to their widespread application.
9 citations
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October 2024 in “Heliyon” In this review, the authors discuss the promising role of exosomes from various cell sources as potential cell-free therapies for diabetic foot ulcers, highlighting their therapeutic benefits in wound healing and the challenges faced in their clinical application.
March 2026 in “Revista Ibero-Americana de Humanidades, Ciências e Educação” This systematic literature review found that exosome and PRP therapies show promise as effective, minimally invasive options for treating androgenetic alopecia, with clinical benefits potentially superior to or complementary to minoxidil, although standardization and larger clinical trials are needed to confirm long-term safety and efficacy.
3 citations
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June 2023 in “MedComm” This study summarizes the role and potential applications of stem cell exosomes in skin and bone healing, highlighting their regenerative capabilities and suggesting innovative delivery methods like nanoliposomes and hydrogels to improve bioavailability and therapeutic outcomes.
2 citations
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January 2022 in “Stem cell biology and regenerative medicine” This review discusses the potential of extracellular vesicles from various sources as promising candidates for hair growth stimulation but notes that clinical trials are needed to confirm their effectiveness and safety.
16 citations
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March 2025 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This review analyzed 12 clinical studies on extracellular vesicle therapies, finding potential benefits for skin aging, acne scars, alopecia, and wound healing, but highlighted significant challenges like production standardization and lack of large-scale studies.
6 citations
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April 2023 in “Cosmetics” In this review, researchers explored the potential of exosomes in cosmetics, skincare, tissue regeneration, and dermatological treatment, noting their promising ability to modulate cellular environments, potentially improving skin health and treating various skin conditions.
April 2026 in “Skin Appendage Disorders” This narrative review suggests that exosome-based therapy shows promise for hair regeneration, offering improvements in hair density and thickness with favorable short-term safety in early clinical studies.
9 citations
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July 2024 in “JAAD reviews.” This review discusses the role of extracellular vesicles in dermatology for therapeutic, diagnostic, and prognostic purposes, highlighting the lack of validated findings and the necessity for more rigorous clinical trials.
1 citations
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January 2025 in “Regenerative Biomaterials” In this study, researchers found that exosomes derived from Pinctada martensii mucus can effectively inhibit melanin production in melanoma cells and zebrafish without adverse effects, potentially offering a promising therapeutic strategy for treating pigmentary disorders by modulating the NF-κB signaling pathway.
September 2025 in “Aesthetic Surgery Journal” In this systematic review and meta-analysis, researchers found that exosome therapies significantly improved facial wrinkles by 20.2% and enhanced hair density and thickness by 23.6% and 18%, respectively, despite challenges in generalizability due to study heterogeneity and nonstandardized protocols.
March 2024 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology/Indian journal of dermatology” This review discusses the potential of exosomes as cell-free treatments for skin aging and various dermatological diseases, highlighting their role in preventing scarring and promoting wound healing, while acknowledging the need for further research and quality control methodologies.
4 citations
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December 2022 in “Cells” This study found that fibroblast-engineered nanovesicles significantly enhanced proliferation and migration of dermal papilla cells and increased hair follicle shaft size in ex vivo organ cultures, suggesting potential as a treatment for alopecia.
July 2026 in “International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology” This review highlights novel drug delivery systems for alopecia that enhance localization in the pilosebaceous unit, reduce systemic exposure, and support sustained drug release, with a focus on optimized follicular carriers ranging from 100-300 nm for improved drug residence compared to conventional methods.
October 2025 in “Gene Expression” This review explores the potential of exosomes, which contain substances that may stimulate hair follicle activity, as a new therapeutic strategy for alopecia, and discusses their possible benefits and risks based on current knowledge of microRNAs and intracellular signaling in hair follicle morphogenesis.
January 2025 in “Case Reports in Dermatological Medicine” This report describes an eight-year-old girl with severe hair shaft abnormalities who showed significant improvement after a single session of adipose tissue–derived exosome therapy, highlighting its potential as an innovative treatment option and the need for further studies to confirm its efficacy and safety.
August 2026 in “Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Global Open” In this study, researchers observed that hybrid secretomes most effectively stimulated proliferation and stem cell markers for hair regeneration in hamster skin, while human secretomes strongly activated the Wnt/β catenin pathway, suggesting different underlying mechanisms among the tested formulations.
August 2025 in “Pharmaceuticals” In this study, hemp seed-derived exosomes (E40) showed potential for counteracting DHT-induced inhibition of feather follicle development in chicken embryos by modulating critical signaling pathways, suggesting a therapeutic approach for alopecia.
This review explores plant-derived exosomes as promising alternatives to synthetic wound-healing agents due to their ability to regulate signaling pathways involved in skin repair, while also addressing challenges in their clinical application.
March 2026 in “Pharmaceutics” This review discusses the potential of plant-derived nanovesicles as natural therapeutics and drug delivery platforms in cancer therapy, highlighting their versatility and promising applications, but reports no new clinical results.
June 2026 in “Journal of General-Procedural Dermatology & Venereology Indonesia” This review highlights that various components of "skin boosters," such as exosomes and hyaluronic acid, may have potential applications beyond aesthetics, acting as adjunct therapies for improving skin integrity and promoting tissue regeneration, though more research is needed to support their use as primary treatments.
24 citations
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January 2023 in “International Journal of Nanomedicine” This review outlines how combining biomembrane-based nanostructures and microstructures with hydrogels can enhance strategies for chronic wound healing, by utilizing the unique properties of both to address metabolic disturbances and severe symptoms in wound care.
51 citations
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January 2024 in “Burns & Trauma” This review summarizes the therapeutic potential and development of engineered extracellular vesicles for tissue repair and regenerative medicine, reporting no new clinical findings.
August 2025 in “Annals of Medicine” This review discusses recent advances in using extracellular vesicles as a potential treatment for alopecia and highlights ongoing challenges in their clinical application and mass production; no new clinical results are reported.
This review examines the potential of stem cells and their derived products, such as exosomes and conditioned media, in improving burn wound healing but presents no new clinical data.
1 citations
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January 2026 in “Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology” This review discusses various nanocarriers for gene and genome editing therapies, highlighting that ionizable lipid nanoparticles show advanced delivery performance, while emerging polymer-based and exosome-inspired carriers are rapidly advancing for targeted applications.
49 citations
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February 2025 in “Science Advances” This review discusses the potential of biomimetic synthetic vesicles to advance precision diagnostics and medicine by combining the beneficial properties of naturally occurring extracellular vesicles and synthetic nanoparticles, although no new clinical results are reported.