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This study found that umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes improved hair growth in mice with androgenetic alopecia by promoting hair follicle stem cell stemness through the RAS/ERK pathway, suggesting a potential new treatment strategy for this condition.

This study reported that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes may promote hair regeneration and thickness in androgenic alopecia by modulating cellular pathways in hair growth, including increasing hair density and diameter, as observed in a mouse model and an exploratory clinical trial.

This study suggests that exosomes from dermal papilla cells can regulate hair follicle stem cell proliferation via the Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling pathway, potentially informing treatment for human hair problems.

This study found that extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal and outer root sheath stem cells may inhibit hair follicle stem cell apoptosis, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits for hair loss treatments.

This study identified 232 stable proteins in exosomes from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and suggested a signaling axis that might support future androgenetic alopecia treatments.

This review discusses current and emerging therapies for androgenetic alopecia, emphasizing regenerative treatments and nanotechnology advancements, but it reports no new clinical results.

This study conducted a review of clinical studies from 2020 to 2025 on exosome-based dermatologic therapies, reporting improvements in skin conditions like wrinkles and scars, though with noted limitations such as small sample sizes and potential conflicts of interest.

This chapter highlights the potential of exosomes as innovative agents in cosmetic dermatology, noting their ability to promote skin rejuvenation and target issues like wrinkles, photoaging, and hair loss.

This research suggests that recent discoveries of signaling pathways in androgenic alopecia may pave the way for targeted therapies, providing potential new treatment options beyond the current FDA-approved drugs, minoxidil and finasteride.

This study explores the potential roles of exosomes in anti-aging applications, highlighting their ability to modulate inflammation, promote tissue regeneration, and transfer bioactive molecules to rejuvenate aging tissues and reverse cellular dysfunction.

This review discusses the potential of exosomes as cell-free treatments for skin aging and various dermatological diseases, highlighting their role in preventing scarring and promoting wound healing, while acknowledging the need for further research and quality control methodologies.

This review explores the potential of exosomes, which contain substances that may stimulate hair follicle activity, as a new therapeutic strategy for alopecia, and discusses their possible benefits and risks based on current knowledge of microRNAs and intracellular signaling in hair follicle morphogenesis.

This study discusses current treatments for androgenetic alopecia like minoxidil and finasteride and highlights emerging therapies including regenerative medicine and low-level laser therapy due to some patients not responding well to standard options.

CGF-PF may improve hair loss treatment by targeting hair follicle stem cells more effectively.

This review suggests that mesenchymal stem cells and exosomes may be effective in regenerating hair follicles for treating androgenic alopecia, but more research on their mechanisms and efficacy is necessary.

This review discusses recent advances in using extracellular vesicles as a potential treatment for alopecia and highlights ongoing challenges in their clinical application and mass production; no new clinical results are reported.

In this case series, mesenchymal stem cell exosomes were reported to improve hair length, density, pigmentation, and cuticle layer recovery in three patients with acquired trichorrhexis nodosa, suggesting potential as a therapeutic approach for this hair condition.

In this study, exosomes from hypoxia-conditioned mesenchymal stem cells significantly improved SOCS3 and STAT3 expression in a mouse model of androgenetic alopecia, suggesting they may offer a more effective therapeutic approach than minoxidil by restoring follicular homeostasis.

This study found that exosomes derived from hypoxia-conditioned mesenchymal stem cells modulated inflammatory biomarkers by decreasing CXCL12 and increasing IL-10 expression in a DHT-induced androgenic alopecia mouse model, indicating potential for treating hair loss through immunoregulation.

This study found that exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells primed with rapamycin significantly enhanced hair regrowth, hair density, and hair follicle development in depilation-induced mice compared to controls, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for hair loss.

In this study, intravenous injection of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stromal cells accelerated wound healing and improved skin tissue regeneration in adult male rats.

This study found that exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells helped preserve melanocyte function and mitigate stress-induced hair depigmentation in mice by activating the Nrf2-ARE antioxidant pathway under acute neurogenic oxidative stress.

This review highlights that exosome-based therapies show promise for hair regeneration by modulating signaling pathways and enhancing hair follicle regeneration; however, further clinical research is needed due to variability in methods and limited clinical studies.

This case study suggests that rose stem cell-derived exosomes, administered via noninvasive electroporation, may promote hair regeneration in androgenetic alopecia; larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.

In this laboratory study, the researchers found that combining dermal papilla cell-derived exosomes with collagenous sequences significantly enhanced hair follicle stem cell migration and proliferation, highlighting a potential strategy for hair regeneration through modulation of the hsa-novel-238a-CASP9 axis.

In this study, Exosome Hypoxia Mesenchymal Stem Cells significantly reduced inflammation and promoted hair follicle regeneration by normalizing IL-1Beta and IGF-1 levels in fluconazole-induced alopecia-like Wistar rats.

In this study, exosome-loaded hydrogels derived from skin precursor cells significantly improved wound healing in diabetic rats by enhancing angiogenesis, reducing inflammation, and promoting tissue repair.

This study found that human adipose-derived MSC exosomes (hADSC-Exos) may enhance dermal papillary cell proliferation and migration by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, potentially reversing the effects of dihydrotestosterone in androgenetic alopecia.

In this study, human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes significantly accelerated cutaneous wound healing in rats by modulating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.

This study demonstrated that exosomes from human hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells can enhance collagen production, promote cell proliferation and migration in human dermal fibroblasts, and reverse signs of UV-induced skin aging in mice, potentially via a miR-125b-5p/TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.