Exosome-Based Therapies for Androgenetic Alopecia: Mechanisms, MicroRNAs, and Clinical Prospects

The review article explores the potential of exosome-based therapies for treating androgenetic alopecia (AGA), emphasizing their ability to stimulate hair follicle activity and promote hair growth by inducing the anagen phase. Exosomes, derived from mesenchymal stem cells and other sources, contain microRNAs and bioactive substances that regulate intracellular signaling and activate hair follicle stem cells. The document highlights the role of various signaling pathways, such as Wnt/β-catenin, and growth factors like VEGF and FGF in hair growth. While exosome therapy shows promise in vitro and animal models, further research is needed to confirm its efficacy and safety in clinical trials. The article suggests that exosomes could offer a novel and effective approach to managing alopecia, with the potential for personalized treatment options.