154 citations,
October 1996 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” Estrogen affects hair growth and skin cell multiplication.
130 citations,
June 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Estrogen Receptor ß (ERß) is the main hormone controller in human skin and hair follicles, not Estrogen Receptor α (ERα) or the Androgen Receptor (AR).
93 citations,
June 2001 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Certain genetic variations in the AR and ERβ genes can affect androgen levels in women.
77 citations,
April 2004 in “Gene expression patterns” The three estrogen receptor genes are highly expressed in zebrafish neuromasts during development.
71 citations,
February 2000 in “Endocrinology and metabolism/American journal of physiology: endocrinology and metabolism” Estradiol stops hair growth in mice, but an antagonist can reverse this effect.
27 citations,
April 1998 in “American Journal of Dermatopathology” Estrogen and progesterone don't directly affect hair growth in androgenic alopecia and alopecia areata.
23 citations,
September 2015 in “International Journal of Molecular Medicine” Activating ER-β, not ER-α, improves skin cell growth and wound healing.
18 citations,
August 2019 in “Clinical breast cancer” Local hormonal treatment for vulvovaginal atrophy is likely safe for women with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer on aromatase inhibitors.
12 citations,
October 2004 in “Experimental Gerontology” Changes in testosterone and estrogen receptor genes can affect how men age, influencing body fat, hair patterns, and possibly leading to skin disorders.
9 citations,
January 2016 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” The study concluded that both estrogen and androgen receptors, which decrease with age, are linked to skin aging and may be hormonally regulated.
9 citations,
March 2020 in “Gene” Certain gene variants in estrogen receptors are linked to polycystic ovary syndrome, mainly affecting metabolism, in Tunisian women.
8 citations,
January 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Topical estrogen treatments did not change hair growth in certain mouse strains, questioning previous findings on their role in hair growth control.
1 citations,
June 2022 in “Frontiers in Neuroanatomy” Early hormones shape sex-specific differences in rat glands.
1 citations,
January 2002 in “Journal of Clinical Dermatology” Hair loss in androgenic alopecia may be linked to increased local androgen activities, but not to estrogen levels.
Estrogen and its receptors play a key role in hair growth, with differences between males and females.
The estrogen receptor pathway controls hair growth cycles and affects skin cell growth.
A mix of Polygonatum sibiricum and Nelumbinis semen may ease menopause symptoms with fewer side effects.
June 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” 17α-estradiol extends lifespan and improves metabolism in male mice through the estrogen receptor α.
December 2014 in “Bali Medical Journal” Females have higher estrogen receptor levels in hair than males, and these levels decrease in white hair compared to black hair.
June 1995 in “International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics” The new method showed that endometriotic tissue has lower estrogen receptor levels but similar progesterone levels compared to normal endometrium, with both following a similar cycle.
67 citations,
January 2007 in “Climacteric” Estrogens and SERMs can help with skin aging, but their safety and effectiveness need more research.
24 citations,
January 1989 in “Archives of biochemistry and biophysics” Male rats have androgen receptors in their liver, which are different from proteins that bind estrogen.
October 2024 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Higher GPER-1 levels are linked to more severe and shorter-duration androgenetic alopecia, suggesting GPER-1 as a potential treatment target.
July 2021 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Alopecia patients have less GPER-1, which might affect hair loss.
159 citations,
July 2006 in “Endocrine Reviews” Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.
122 citations,
July 2005 in “The FASEB journal” Hair follicles produce and respond to melatonin, affecting hair growth and sensitivity to estrogen.
20 citations,
July 2006 in “Veterinary dermatology” Melatonin helped some Pomeranian dogs regrow hair, but it wasn't linked to estrogen receptors.
5 citations,
February 2019 in “Neuroscience letters” Hormones during puberty increase certain receptors in the brain, and this change is influenced by estrogen levels.
219 citations,
January 2006 in “Drug Metabolism Reviews” DHEA affects multiple receptors and may help with metabolic issues, but its safety and effectiveness in humans are unclear.
149 citations,
January 2011 in “Nature reviews. Urology” Hormonal interactions, especially involving DHT and estrogen, play a key role in BPH development and treatment.