Estrogen and Androgen Signaling in the Pathogenesis of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

The document reviewed the roles of estrogen and androgen signaling in the pathogenesis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), emphasizing the importance of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and the differential expression of steroid 5 alpha-reductase isozymes in normal and hyperplastic prostate tissues. It discussed the therapeutic potential of inhibitors like finasteride and dutasteride in reducing DHT levels. Additionally, it examined how estrogens modulate androgen receptor expression and impact cell proliferation, highlighting the complexity of hormonal interactions in BPH and the potential for targeted therapies. The research also noted the significant role of estrogen signaling, particularly through ER-beta, in BPH development, independent of androgen signaling.