A Role for Steroid 5 Alpha-Reductase 1 in Vascular Remodeling During Endometrial Decidualization

    May 2022 in “ bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) ”
    Isaac Shaw, Phoebe M. Kirkwood, Diane Rebourcet, Fiona L. Cousins, Rebecca J Ainslie, D Livingstone, Lee B. Smith, Philippa Saunders, Douglas A Gibson
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    TLDR The enzyme 5α-reductase is important for proper blood vessel development during the fertility-related transformation of the uterus lining.
    The study investigates the role of steroid 5α-reductase type 1 (SRD5A1) in endometrial decidualisation, a crucial process for fertility involving endometrial remodelling. Using SRD5A1-deficient mice (Srd5a1-/- mice) and an induced decidualisation model, researchers found that the absence of 5α-reductase significantly affected the decidualisation response, vessel permeability, and the regulation of angiogenesis signalling pathways, particularly those involving vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The administration of dihydrotestosterone in Srd5a1-/- mice restored these parameters to normal levels. The study concludes that intracrine androgen signalling, facilitated by 5α-reductase, is essential for optimal decidualisation and vascular development during this process. This suggests that targeting androgen-dependent signalling could improve fertility and pregnancy outcomes, especially considering the decline in androgen availability with age and its potential link to pregnancy disorders.
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