425 citations
,
August 2002 in “BioEssays” The cornified cell envelope forms a protective barrier in skin and hair, using specific proteins and lipids to maintain effectiveness.
99 citations
,
May 1998 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Small proline-rich proteins and trichohyalin help make epithelial tissues tougher and more flexible.
18 citations
,
October 2003 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” VDUP1 is found in skin and hair follicles, interacts with sciellin, and may help regulate skin cell differentiation.
January 2018 in “Stem cell biology and regenerative medicine” The nucleus is key in controlling skin growth and repair by coordinating signals, gene regulators, and epigenetic changes.
3 citations
,
September 2005 in “Experimental dermatology” The cornified envelope is crucial for skin's barrier function and involves key proteins and genetic factors.
January 2018 in “Stem cell biology and regenerative medicine” ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling is crucial for skin development and stem cell function.
105 citations
,
February 1996 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” The TGM3 gene's promoter region is key for skin and hair cell function and may aid gene therapy.
November 2014 The chapter explains that there are many genetic skin disorders affecting skin cell formation, including both common and rare types.
158 citations
,
August 2011 in “Reviews in endocrine and metabolic disorders” Vitamin D and its receptor regulate skin functions like cell growth, immunity, hair cycle, and tumor prevention.
375 citations
,
December 2013 in “Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular cell research” Cornification is how skin cells die to form the protective outer layer of skin, hair, and nails.
70 citations
,
January 2014 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Keratin proteins are crucial for healthy skin, but mutations can cause skin disorders with no effective treatments yet.
September 2018 Cornification is the process where living skin cells die to create a protective barrier, and problems with it can cause skin diseases.
7 citations
,
July 2012 in “Annals of anatomy” Involucrin helps strengthen the inner parts of human hair.
33 citations
,
March 2017 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Human hair follicle dermal cells can effectively replace other cells in engineered skin.
1 citations
,
January 2017 in “Elsevier eBooks” Understanding skin structure and development helps diagnose and treat skin disorders.
36 citations
,
December 2011 in “Journal of dermatological science” Human hair has a protective lipid layer that can be damaged by moisture and treatments, affecting hair growth and health.
27 citations
,
August 2014 in “Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Developmental biology” The skin and thymus develop similarly to protect and support immunity.
15 citations
,
July 2004 in “Journal of morphology” Monotreme hair structure and protein distribution are similar to other mammals, but their inner root sheath cornifies differently, suggesting a unique evolution from reptile skin.
31 citations
,
February 2021 in “Experimental Dermatology” Skin organoids are a promising new model for studying human skin development and testing treatments.
15 citations
,
February 1999 in “The anatomical record” Some mutant mice have hair with abnormal cross-linking, mainly in the cuticle, not affecting other hair parts.
3 citations
,
February 2021 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Adult esophageal cells can start to become like skin cells, with a key pathway influencing this change.
December 2023 in “Linköping University medical dissertations” Keratinocytes and adipose-derived stem cells can effectively heal difficult skin wounds.
25 citations
,
October 2002 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Mouse profilaggrin helps in skin cell differentiation and may be involved in calcium signaling.
119 citations
,
December 2016 in “American journal of human genetics” Mutations in three genes cause Uncombable Hair Syndrome, leading to frizzy hair that can't be combed flat.
March 2024 in “Journal of molecular structure” Hair treatments and dehydration affect hair's lipid and protein behavior, influencing its flexibility and appearance.
January 2023 in “Karger Kompass. Dermatologie” Scientists are still unsure what triggers the immune system to attack hair follicles in Alopecia areata.
188 citations
,
June 1998 in “Molecular cell” Researchers created a mouse with the same mutation as humans with trichothiodystrophy, showing similar symptoms and confirming the condition is due to defects in DNA repair and gene activity.
13 citations
,
September 2012 in “Cell & tissue research/Cell and tissue research” pCLCA2 protein may help maintain skin structure and function.
40 citations
,
January 2016 in “Elsevier eBooks” The skin is the largest organ, protecting the body, regulating temperature, and producing hormones.
January 2016 in “SpringerBriefs in bioengineering” Genetic defects and UV radiation cause skin damage and aging.