Off-Label Use of Biologics and Janus Kinase Inhibitors for Scarring Alopecias: A Narrative Review

    Priya Agarwal, Oghenevoke Ajuchi, Tess M. Lukowiak, Babar Rao
    Studysummary In this review, researchers found that TNF-α, IL-17, and JAK inhibitors show the most promise for stabilizing and resolving scarring alopecias, with IL-23 and Interferon Alpha Receptor 1 inhibitors also providing some benefits in managing these hair loss conditions.
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    Research cited in this study 27

    1. A Review of Janus Kinase Inhibitor Use in Scarring Alopecia JAAD reviews. · 2025
    2. A Phase 2a Trial of Brepocitinib for Cicatricial Alopecia Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2024
    3. Recalcitrant Lichen Planopilaris Treated with Upadacitinib: A Case Series International Journal of Dermatology · 2024
    4. Drug-Induced Scarring And Permanent Alopecia JAAD reviews. · 2024
    5. Trichoscopy of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus in Caucasian Scalp: A Review Skin Appendage Disorders · 2024
    6. The Use of Topical Ruxolitinib 1.5% Cream in Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: A Case Report JAAD Case Reports · 2024
    7. Topical Tofacitinib for Patients with Lichen Planopilaris and/or Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2024
    8. Improvement of Recalcitrant Dissecting Cellulitis of the Scalp After a Trial of Upadacitinib Curēus · 2024
    9. Folliculitis Decalvans Managed With Adalimumab: A Case Report Clinical Case Reports · 2023
    10. Refractory Dissecting Cellulitis of the Scalp Treated With Risankizumab: 2 Case Reports JAAD Case Reports · 2023
    11. Diagnostic Delay, Comorbid Hidradenitis Suppurativa and the Prognostic Value of Bacterial Culture in Folliculitis Decalvans: A Cohort Study JDDG Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft · 2023
    12. Janus Kinase Inhibition for the Treatment of Refractory Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: A Case Series and Review of the Literature JAAD Case Reports · 2023
    13. Hair Regrowth in a Patient With Central Centrifugal Cicatricial Alopecia After a 2-Month Trial of Baricitinib JAAD Case Reports · 2023
    14. Successful Treatment of Rare Linear Lichen Planopilaris With Ixekizumab Journal of dermatological treatment · 2023
    15. Baricitinib as an Effective Treatment for Lichen Planopilaris Dermatologic Therapy · 2022
    16. Refractory Folliculitis Decalvans Treated With Adalimumab: A Case Series of 23 Patients Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2022
    17. Scarring Alopecias: Pathology and an Update on Digital Developments Biomedicines · 2021
    18. Topical Treatment for Scarring and Non-Scarring Alopecia: An Overview of the Current Evidence Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology · 2021
    19. Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: A Review Journal of Clinical Medicine · 2021
    20. The role of biologic treatment in special scenarios in hidradenitis suppurativa: Facial and nape phenotype, dissecting cellulitis of the scalp, and lymphedema Dermatologic Therapy · 2021
    21. The Efficacy of Antimalarial Drugs in the Therapy of Selected Forms of Cicatricial Alopecia Postępy Dermatologii i Alergologii · 2021
    22. Folliculitis Decalvans Responsive to Tofacitinib: A Case Series Dermatologic Therapy · 2020
    23. Recalcitrant Lichen Planopilaris and Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia Responding to Tildrakizumab Dermatologic therapy · 2020
    24. Hair Loss in Lichen Planopilaris and Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: Not Always Irreversible Skin appendage disorders · 2020
    25. Successful Treatment of Refractory Folliculitis Decalvans with Secukinumab Australasian Journal of Dermatology · 2019
    26. Tofacitinib for the Treatment of Lichen Planopilaris: A Case Series Dermatologic therapy · 2018
    27. Primary Cicatricial Alopecia: Diagnosis and Treatment Canadian Medical Association Journal · 2013

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