65 citations
,
March 2022 in “Molecules” This study examines the role of nanotechnology in cosmetics, highlighting its benefits in improving ingredient solubility and stability, but also noting challenges such as cost, shelf life, and safety concerns, along with regulatory complexities, particularly in harmonizing global legislation.
9 citations
,
February 2022 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics” This study suggests that a nanostructured lipid carrier formulation delivering minoxidil and latanoprost may enhance effectiveness and tolerability in treating alopecia by targeting hair follicles.
33 citations
,
November 2020 in “AAPS PharmSciTech” 
130 citations
,
August 2020 in “Drug Design Development and Therapy” This review discusses various nanoparticles used to enhance skin permeation and target delivery to skin organelles, but reports no new experimental results.
28 citations
,
September 2019 in “International Journal of Nanomedicine” This study found that minoxidil nanoparticles increased drug delivery to hair follicles and improved hair growth more effectively in mice than conventional minoxidil formulations.
40 citations
,
March 2019 in “Pharmaceutical development and technology” The study found that cyproterone acetate-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers, particularly those with a 300 nm diameter, improved skin penetration and targeted hair follicles more effectively than free cyproterone acetate.
39 citations
,
August 2017 in “Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces” This study found that 50-nm PLGA nanoparticles delivered with iontophoresis enhanced skin permeation of indomethacin in rats more effectively than 100-nm nanoparticles, suggesting improved targeting of hair follicles.
101 citations
,
October 2016 in “Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine” This review reports on the dual aspect of fullerene in skincare, highlighting its beneficial antioxidant properties as well as potential toxicity and skin cell reactions, while identifying areas for future research.
87 citations
,
September 2016 in “Journal of Controlled Release” Nanoparticles can improve drug delivery to hair follicles but struggle to penetrate deeper skin layers.
43 citations
,
August 2016 in “International Journal of Nanomedicine” This study found that a eupafolin nanoparticle delivery system improved water solubility and skin penetration, enhancing its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects against particulate matter-induced stress in skin cells.
32 citations
,
April 2016 in “Aaps Pharmscitech” This study found that nanostructured lipid carriers enhanced the skin penetration and retention of minoxidil compared to solid lipid nanoparticles, suggesting they could be a promising method for topical delivery.
128 citations
,
March 2016 in “Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin” This study found that sub-100 nm size solid lipid nanoparticles showed the most effective skin penetration and depth, mainly via hair follicles, in rat skin.
71 citations
,
March 2016 in “PubMed” This study found that sub-100 nm solid lipid nanoparticles showed the most effective skin penetration and depth, primarily via hair follicles, in rat skin evaluations.
28 citations
,
August 2015 in “Journal of Drug Targeting” This study found that a novel proniosomal gel formulation of CoQ10 improved antioxidant levels and provided better skin protection against UV radiation compared to a conventional CoQ10 gel in animal models.
95 citations
,
July 2015 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” This review discusses the application of lipid nanoparticles for enhancing drug delivery through hair follicles and reports no new clinical results, emphasizing the potential role of sebum-like lipids in this context.
77 citations
,
January 2015 in “International Journal of Biological Macromolecules” This study developed minoxidil sulphate-loaded chitosan nanoparticles that doubled drug delivery to hair follicles in vitro compared to a control solution, suggesting potential for improved alopecia treatment.
16 citations
,
August 2014 in “Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces” This study found that hydrophobic lipid-coated silica nanoparticles penetrated deeper into human stratum corneum compared to their hydrophilic counterparts, highlighting the influence of surface polarity on skin penetration.
20 citations
,
August 2014 in “Therapeutic delivery” This article reviews potential applications and challenges of using the transfollicular route for drug delivery but does not present new clinical findings; it calls for further exploration and development in this field.
159 citations
,
July 2014 in “Molecular pharmaceutics” This study found that MPEG-dihexPLA micelles significantly improved the skin deposition of tacrolimus compared to a marketed ointment, suggesting better targeted delivery with reduced systemic absorption.
122 citations
,
April 2011 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics” This review discusses the mechanisms and storage of particles in hair follicles and presents no new experimental results, highlighting the need for further research in their safe application in dermatology and cosmetics.
263 citations
,
February 2011 in “Journal of Controlled Release” This study found that medium-sized particles (643 and 646 nm) penetrated deeper into porcine hair follicles in vitro than smaller or larger particles, suggesting size-selective targeting within follicular sites.
62 citations
,
October 2010 in “Journal of biomedical nanotechnology” This review discusses the challenges and contradictions in understanding nanoparticle penetration and toxicity in human skin, emphasizing the need for standardized testing and further research on particles smaller than 10 nm.
95 citations
,
January 2009 in “Journal of Biomedical Optics” This study observed that particles sized 300-600 nm penetrate hair follicles more efficiently, likely due to alignment with the thickness of the human hair cuticula.
119 citations
,
December 2008 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” In this study, transcutaneously applied nanoparticles and viral vectors were shown to penetrate murine hair follicles, internalize in antigen-presenting cells, and induce immune responses, suggesting a promising approach for vaccine delivery.
69 citations
,
February 2008 in “The American journal of pathology” This study found that local injections of interleukin-4 and neutralizing anti-interferon-γ antibody effectively treated alopecia in a mouse model, suggesting potential therapeutic pathways for human alopecia areata.
71 citations
,
June 2007 in “Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters” This study found that PLGA nanospheres improved scalp-pore permeability and enhanced hair growth activities in mice, suggesting their potential as drug delivery carriers for hair growth ingredients.
56 citations
,
January 2007 in “Pharmaceutical Development and Technology” This study found that finasteride-loaded liposomal formulations achieved significantly higher skin permeation and deposition compared to conventional gels and solutions, suggesting potential for effective topical application.
323 citations
,
April 2006 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This study found that 40 nm nanoparticles can effectively penetrate into hair follicles and epidermal Langerhans cells in human skin samples, potentially enabling efficient transcutaneous vaccine delivery.
56 citations
,
July 2005 in “Experimental Dermatology” This study demonstrated that hair follicle-derived cells can induce hair follicle formation in an in vitro skin organ culture system using human retroauricular skin specimens.
205 citations
,
January 2005 in “Skin pharmacology and physiology” This review discusses how liposomes and niosomes can enhance drug penetration in topical delivery systems and emphasizes the importance of their specific composition, size, and type, but it reports no new results.
405 citations
,
January 2004 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that hair follicle characteristics vary significantly across different body sites, with the forehead and calf showing the highest potential follicular reservoirs, challenging previous assumptions about skin appendage distribution.
124 citations
,
April 2000 in “Nature biotechnology”
