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In this animal study, finasteride was found to significantly lower cortisol and increase testosterone levels in female rats, indicating its broader impact on endocrine regulation by altering adrenal and gonadal hormones.

This study developed a testosterone propionate-induced C57BL/6 mouse model of androgenetic alopecia, demonstrating that high-dose, prolonged testosterone administration inhibited hair regrowth and mirrored human AGA pathology, providing a useful platform for studying hair loss mechanisms and testing therapies targeting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

This study systematically reviewed the use of topical testosterone products such as creams, gels, and patches, finding they effectively raise serum testosterone but pose significant systemic risks like acne and gynecomastia, necessitating careful medical oversight.

In this study, high-dose Arachis hypogaea root extract significantly reduced prostate weight and markers of glandular hyperplasia in testosterone-induced BPH in mice, with associated changes in inflammatory gene expression and beneficial shifts in gut microbiota.

In this cross-sectional study at a tertiary care hospital, researchers found a significant correlation between cutaneous manifestations like hirsutism and acne and biochemical hyperandrogenism levels in women with PCOS, suggesting these skin conditions can predict elevated androgen levels.

This study found that hirsutism and acne are strong predictors of biochemical hyperandrogenism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

In this case study, a woman with congenital adrenal hyperplasia experienced substantial improvement in musculoskeletal and neurobehavioral symptoms after low-dose testosterone therapy, highlighting its potential role in managing chronic glucocorticoid overtreatment effects.

This case report highlights the complexity of diagnosing and treating late-onset hypogonadism in a patient with major depressive disorder, suggesting parallel evaluation of symptoms, medication effects, and shared diagnostic planning.

In this case report, a 25-year-old transgender woman on testosterone-blocking therapy developed generalised hypertrichosis after starting ciclosporin for severe plaque psoriasis, illustrating that ciclosporin can induce this side effect even under androgen suppression.

This narrative review highlights that declining testosterone levels are a complex public health issue potentially influenced by modifiable lifestyle factors and environmental stressors, suggesting integrated strategies may be needed to address the trend's impacts on health.

This case study reported on a 62-year-old woman with ovarian hyperthecosis, which caused symptoms like hirsutism and elevated testosterone; after bilateral oophorectomy, her symptoms improved, suggesting the importance of considering this rare condition in hyperandrogenism diagnosis for postmenopausal women.

This study found that silver nanoparticles synthesized using Mitracarpus scaber extract showed potential hepatoprotective and anti-hyperplastic effects in rats, suggesting novel therapeutic strategies for managing liver injury and benign prostatic hyperplasia.

In this study, researchers developed a chemiluminescence assay kit for detecting free testosterone, showing it performed well and met clinical demands with low cost and automation; free testosterone levels differed in patients with various diagnoses, suggesting its diagnostic relevance for diseases such as prostate malignancy.

In this animal study, AGO (agomelatine) effectively alleviated testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, indicating its potential as a therapeutic option for managing BPH through specific signaling pathways.

This study found that in PCOS patients, a lower TT/DHT ratio is associated with regular menstruation, while higher ratios are linked to insulin resistance, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for metabolic severity in these patients.

Coconut oil boosts testosterone but doesn't fully trigger reproductive maturity in pufferfish.

This study reports that subcutaneous testosterone pellets in peri- and postmenopausal women provided sustained hormone release and potential benefits for sexual function, but raised concerns about safety, variability, and dosing inconsistencies.

In this study, researchers found that female COVID-19 patients experiencing hair loss had higher testosterone levels and lower Vitamin D levels than healthy controls, suggesting these hormonal factors may play a role in post-COVID-19 hair loss.

In this case report, a male patient with hair loss showed unusually high testosterone levels without other symptoms or supplement use; follow-up testing revealed normal levels, showcasing the importance of considering testosterone-protein binding differences and using equilibrium dialysis for accurate assessment.

Sublingual minoxidil significantly improves hair growth in transgender individuals on testosterone therapy.

In this study on Swiss albino mice, researchers reported that perilla leaf extract stimulated hair growth similarly to minoxidil, counteracting hair loss induced by testosterone injections.

In this study, researchers observed increased hormone levels such as testosterone and LH in both obese and non-obese women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, but concluded that the enzyme 3βHSD shows poor diagnostic value for PCOS compared to healthy women.

This study developed a testosterone-induced androgenetic alopecia model in BALB/c mice, finding that a 0.075 ml testosterone injection best replicated the dermal and hair follicle conditions of AGA patients, providing a promising tool for future drug testing and research into AGA therapies.

This study found that Syzygium aromaticum oil may improve the anagen/telogen ratio in testosterone-induced alopecia in mice, indicating potential as an alternative treatment to minoxidil for androgenic alopecia.

This study found that 1′S-1′-acetoxychavicol acetate from Alpinia galanga inhibits Nox isozymes and suppresses testosterone-induced hair loss in a mouse model of androgenetic alopecia.

This study reported that there are no standardized guidelines for managing testosterone-induced acne vulgaris and androgenic alopecia in transmasculine or non-binary individuals undergoing gender-affirming hormone therapy, highlighting gaps in dermatology trainees’ preparedness to care for this population.

In this study, researchers reported that standardized rosemary and capsicum extracts significantly improved hair growth parameters such as follicle density, length, and diameter in rats with testosterone-induced alopecia, suggesting these extracts may aid in more effective natural treatments for androgenetic alopecia.

In this study, 1'-S-1'-acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA) from Alpinia galanga showed potential in suppressing testosterone-induced hair loss by inhibiting Nox isozymes in a mouse model of androgenetic alopecia.

In this study, researchers found no significant differences in the serum levels of DHEAs, DHT, and testosterone between female patients with oral lichen planus and healthy controls, suggesting no neuroendocrine etiology is associated with this condition.

This review discusses the complex causal relationships between testosterone exposure and various health outcomes, but notes that the studies reviewed show substantial heterogeneity.