Hepatoprotective and Anti-Hyperplastic Effects of Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized Using Aqueous Extracts of Mitracarpus Scaber: Insights from Acetaminophen and Testosterone Experimental Models

The study demonstrates that silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized using aqueous extracts of Mitracarpus scaber exhibit significant hepatoprotective and anti-hyperplastic effects. The AgNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy and TEM, showing a spherical shape with an average size of 91.5 ± 35 nm. In rat models, these nanoparticles significantly reduced serum ALT, creatinine, urea, and cholesterol levels, while enhancing antioxidant defenses and decreasing lipid peroxidation, indicating liver protection. Additionally, they lowered interleukin-6, prostate weight, MDA levels, and PSA, showing effects comparable to Finasteride in managing benign prostatic hyperplasia. Histological examinations confirmed the reversal of liver and prostate alterations caused by acetaminophen and testosterone, suggesting the potential of these biosynthesized AgNPs as a novel therapeutic strategy.