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Anabolic steroids can build muscle and strength but have risks and need more research on their clinical benefits and side effects.

5α-reductase is essential for male sexual development and its inhibitors have potential in treating various conditions related to hormone action.

New treatments for male hypogonadism are effective and should be personalized.

The document explains how the male reproductive system works, its role in making testosterone, and how conditions like obesity can disrupt it, leading to low testosterone and fertility issues.

The document concludes that more research is needed to understand excessive hair growth in women with normal hormone levels and regular ovulation.

Androgens increase muscle mass by promoting myoblast growth through ornithine decarboxylase.

Advancements in male reproductive medicine are ongoing, but more research and improved treatments are needed in several areas.

Effective treatments for spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy are not yet available; more research is needed.

Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone have similar effects on body composition and metabolic health in men.

Muscles can make their own androgens, which may help muscle growth.

Diagnosing and treating PCOS in teenagers is difficult, and the focus is on lifestyle changes and medication to improve health and prevent future issues.

Mouse genital development depends on male or female hormones for specific features.

The document concludes that hormonal biomarkers are key for diagnosing hyperandrogenemia in women and hypogonadism in men.

Genetic mutations can affect female sexual development, requiring personalized medical care.

Finasteride may treat baldness but less effective for those with 5α-reductase deficiency.

Finasteride affects prostate weights and pituitary activity differently with age.

Glucocorticoids are powerful anti-inflammatory drugs that must be used carefully to avoid serious side effects.

Diagnosing sex development disorders requires combining medical history, physical exams, imaging, lab tests, and genetic data.

The document concludes that accurate diagnosis of male and female gonadal disorders is crucial for effective treatment and better patient outcomes.

Erectile dysfunction is increasingly common in men under 40, with many physical and psychological causes, and various treatment options available.

Steroid hormones are crucial for body functions and have various medical uses, but their misuse can lead to dependence.

New therapies are being developed that target integrin pathways to treat various diseases.

Rare ULBP3 gene changes may raise the risk of Alopecia areata, a certain FAS gene deletion could cause a dysfunctional protein in an immune disorder, and having one copy of a specific genetic deletion is okay, but two copies cause sickle cell disease.

Insulin resistance and high male hormone levels are major causes of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

The conclusion is that removing both ovaries is the best treatment for excess male hormones in postmenopausal women, with medication as another option, and managing insulin resistance is important for diagnosis and treatment.

New treatments for prostate cancer are less toxic and show promise, but more research is needed to enhance their effectiveness and reduce side effects.

Acne is linked to inflammation and insulin resistance, and is associated with various syndromes that require different treatments.

The document concludes that early diagnosis and treatment of PCOS in teenagers is important for managing symptoms and preventing long-term health problems.

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a prohormone important for producing sex steroids and has potential health benefits.

Mutations in certain receptors can cause diseases and offer new treatment options.