Diagnosis and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

    January 2015 in “ Springer eBooks ”
    Ioannis Kyrou, Martin O. Weickert, Harpal S. Randeva
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    TLDR The document concludes that managing PCOS involves treating symptoms, regulating periods, and reducing health risks, with specific medications for fertility and metabolic issues.
    The document from 2015 provides a comprehensive overview of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), a condition affecting 5-15% of reproductive-age women, characterized by hyperandrogenism and oligo/anovulation. Diagnosis involves excluding other disorders and confirming through laboratory tests and ultrasound. Management focuses on symptom alleviation, menstrual regulation, and addressing complications such as infertility, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular risks. Oral contraceptives are the first-line treatment for hirsutism and acne, while lifestyle modifications and metformin are recommended for overweight/obese women to improve metabolic outcomes. Clomiphene citrate is the preferred treatment for anovulatory infertility, with metformin as an adjunct in obese women. Long-term management includes screening for T2DM, CVD, NAFLD, psychological disorders, sleep apnea, and endometrial cancer, with regular withdrawal bleeding to reduce cancer risk. The document also notes the need for larger clinical trials to optimize treatment strategies, particularly regarding the use of metformin.
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