Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and NC-CAH: Distinct Characteristics and Common Findings. A Systematic Review

June 2019 in “ Frontiers in Endocrinology ”

Georgios Papadakis, Eleni Kandaraki, Ermioni Tseniklidi, Olga Papalou, Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis

TLDR Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is common in women with conditions like anovulation, hirsutism, hair loss, and type 2 diabetes, and it can lead to health risks like heart disease, obesity, insulin resistance, and depression. Non-Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (NC-CAH) is also discussed.

The 2019 systematic review discussed the distinct characteristics and common findings of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Non-Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (NC-CAH). It highlighted the prevalence of PCOS in women with conditions such as anovulation, idiopathic hirsutism, androgenic alopecia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and the increased frequency of PCOS in women with a history of gestational diabetes due to metabolic and steroidogenic alterations. The review also explored the health risks associated with PCOS, including cardiovascular risk, obesity, insulin resistance, and depressive disorders, and the dermatologic manifestations of PCOS, including hirsutism. Additionally, it discussed the clinical and molecular characterization of women with NC-CAH. The document did not specify the number of participants in the study.

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research The Prevalence and Phenotypic Features of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

767 citations , September 2016 in “Human Reproduction”

Polycystic ovary syndrome affects about 6-10% of women, with varying symptoms and the need for standardized global definitions.

research Clinician vs Self-Ratings of Hirsutism in Patients With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

52 citations , July 2016 in “JAMA dermatology”

Patients with PCOS rate their hirsutism higher than clinicians, and these self-ratings are more closely related to their quality of life and risk of depression.

research Sexual Function and Depressive Symptoms in Young Women With Nonclassic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

11 citations , January 2016 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine”

Young women with nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia may experience worse sexual function and mild depression compared to healthy women.

research Diagnosis and Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline

1265 citations , December 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

The guideline suggests using specific criteria to diagnose PCOS, recommends various treatments for its symptoms, and advises screening for related health issues.

research Phenotypic Profiling of Parents With Cryptic Nonclassic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: Findings in 145 Unrelated Families

62 citations , June 2011 in “European journal of endocrinology”

Some parents have a mild form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia without symptoms, and they usually don't need treatment.

research Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Consensus Statement by the Androgen Excess and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Society

815 citations , May 2010 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism”

Women with PCOS should be screened for heart disease risk and manage their health to prevent it.

research The Androgen Excess and PCOS Society Criteria for the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: The Complete Task Force Report

1540 citations , February 2009 in “Fertility and Sterility”

The report concludes that PCOS is mainly a condition of excess male hormones and its definition may change as new information is discovered.

research Diagnosis and Management of the Dermatologic Manifestations of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

97 citations , July 2006 in “Dermatologic therapy”

The document concludes that accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment are important for skin problems in women with PCOS.

research Relative Prevalence of Different Androgen Excess Disorders in 950 Women Referred Because of Clinical Hyperandrogenism

352 citations , January 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

Most women referred for excess male hormone symptoms had polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), with other conditions being less common.

research An Update on Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

151 citations , December 2004 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences”

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia is a genetic disorder with two forms, causing symptoms like early puberty and severe acne, but can be identified through screening and treated with glucocorticoids.

research Androgen Excess in Women: Experience with Over 1000 Consecutive Patients

947 citations , February 2004 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

Most women with excess male hormones have Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, and hormonal therapy can improve symptoms but may cause side effects.

research Revised 2003 Consensus on Diagnostic Criteria and Long-Term Health Risks Related to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

4025 citations , January 2004 in “Human Reproduction”

The 2003 consensus updated PCOS diagnosis criteria and linked PCOS to higher risks of diabetes and heart problems, recommending lifestyle changes to lower these risks.

research Prevalence of Polycystic Ovaries in Women with Androgenic Alopecia

84 citations , November 2003 in “European journal of endocrinology”

Women with androgenic alopecia are more likely to have polycystic ovaries and higher androgen levels, which may indicate PCOS.

research Prevalence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Unselected Black and White Women of the Southeastern United States: A Prospective Study

633 citations , September 1998 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

PCOS affects a similar percentage of Black and White women in the Southeastern United States.

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research Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and NC-CAH: Distinct Characteristics and Common Findings. A Systematic Review

32 citations , June 2019 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology”

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is common in women with conditions like anovulation, hirsutism, hair loss, and type 2 diabetes, and it can lead to health risks like heart disease, obesity, insulin resistance, and depression. Non-Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (NC-CAH) is also discussed.