69 citations
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September 2006 in “Human Reproduction” This study found that CD45RO+ cells, a subtype of T lymphocytes, were notably reduced in the ovarian follicles of women with PCOS, which may contribute to the condition's pathogenesis.
31 citations
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June 2022 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy” This study found that umbilical cord-derived CD146+ MSCs showed a stronger ability to improve ovarian function and modulate immune responses in a mouse model of premature ovarian failure compared to CD146- MSCs, though both subpopulations effectively repaired reproductive ability.
4 citations
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March 2021 in “Case Reports” In this case study, a 71-year-old woman with postmenopausal hirsutism was diagnosed with a Leydig cell tumor and endometrial carcinoma, with hirsutism improving one month after surgery.
1 citations
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February 2016 in “European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology” This case study reports that medical imaging of the ovaries may not always conclusively identify the cause of postmenopausal hyperandrogenism, as demonstrated by a patient with a rare condition.
5 citations
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January 2017 in “Acta Endocrinologica” This case report discusses a postmenopausal woman whose hyperandrogenism and metabolic symptoms improved significantly after the surgical removal of an ovarian Leydig cell tumor, confirmed post-operatively.
12 citations
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March 2018 in “Medicine” This case report describes a 60-year-old woman with an ovarian Leydig cell tumor leading to elevated testosterone levels and hirsutism, highlighting the need to consider androgen-secreting tumors in similar postmenopausal cases.
11 citations
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November 2006 in “Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation” In this case study, an 8-year-old female Huacaya alpaca displaying male behavior was diagnosed with an ovarian benign interstitial (Leydig) cell tumor, indicated by elevated testosterone levels.
10 citations
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May 2009 in “Cases Journal” This case study reports that a virilizing Leydig cell type ovarian tumor in a 40-year-old woman caused hyperandrogenism and virilization symptoms, which improved post-surgery.
7 citations
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March 2023 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” This study reported a rare case of ovarian steroid cell tumor removal resulting in normalized hormone levels, resumption of menstruation, and subsequent spontaneous pregnancy in a 31-year-old woman.
July 2026 in “Journal of Ovarian Research” In this study, researchers used single-cell RNA sequencing to identify seven cell types, including distinct steroidogenic and immune cells, in the tumor microenvironment of a case of ovarian SCT-NOS, providing insights into its cellular heterogeneity and molecular mechanisms related to hyperandrogenism.
October 2023 in “Clinical case reports” This case study reports the first Palestinian case of an ovarian steroid cell tumor with virilization in a young female, highlighting the challenges in diagnosis and varied chemotherapeutic responses.
October 2023 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This case report details a 73-year-old woman with significant hirsutism and hair loss linked to a rare ovarian Leydig cell tumor, which was resolved by bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, normalizing her testosterone levels and addressing her symptoms.
22 citations
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February 2014 in “Arquivos Brasileiros De Endocrinologia E Metabologia” An 81-year-old woman's severe male hormone symptoms were caused by an ovarian tumor, which was treated with surgery.
5 citations
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October 2013 in “Endocrine” This case report describes three instances where occult ovarian Leydig cell tumors were suspected based on severe hyperandrogenism symptoms, despite negative imaging findings, highlighting that elevated testosterone levels are a crucial diagnostic marker.
2 citations
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July 2023 in “AACE Clinical Case Reports” In this case study, researchers identified a Leydig cell tumor in a 56-year-old postmenopausal woman with virilization symptoms by using ovarian vein sampling, as imaging was nonrevealing, and confirmed the tumor's location using testosterone ratios, which supported previous findings.
May 2025 in “Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies” This case report highlights the need to assess postmenopausal women with hirsutism for hyperandrogenism causes, as exemplified by a Leydig cell tumor coinciding with primary hyperparathyroidism.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This case report highlights the diagnostic challenge of identifying androgen-secreting ovarian Leydig cell tumors in postmenopausal women when imaging fails to reveal masses, emphasizing the usefulness of ovarian vein sampling for localization.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This case report describes the rare association of an ovarian Leydig cell tumor and primary hyperparathyroidism in a postmenopausal woman, highlighting the importance of considering rare causes in patients with virilizing symptoms.
December 2020 in “Research Square (Research Square)” This case series detailed three postmenopausal women with ovarian steroid cell tumors, highlighting that such tumors may present asymptomatically or with virilization, and found surgery effectively normalized androgen levels, with distinctive imaging features aiding diagnosis.
9 citations
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January 2007 in “Endocrine Practice” This case report describes a 60-year-old postmenopausal woman with virilization and hirsutism caused by hilus-cell hyperplasia, which was confirmed following bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy.
2 citations
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November 2019 in “Case reports in women's health” In this study, two women with hyperandrogenic symptoms were found to have ovarian Leydig cell tumors after selective ovarian venous sampling and salpingo-oophorectomy, leading to a decline in testosterone levels post-surgery.
March 2026 in “JCEM Case Reports” In this case report, a 71-year-old woman with severe hyperandrogenism and virilization revealed a bilateral ovarian steroid cell tumor, confirmed after adnexectomy, resulting in normalized testosterone levels and improved hirsutism post-surgery.
June 2025 in “Journal of Ovarian Research” This case report underlines the importance of considering alternative diagnoses like ovarian steroid cell tumors in adolescent females with PCOS-like symptoms when standard treatments fail, highlighting the need for thorough evaluation and early intervention.
December 2022 in “Journal of Medical Case Reports” This case report highlights the importance of considering an ovarian steroid cell tumor diagnosis in young women with increased testosterone after ruling out polycystic ovarian syndrome.
January 2022 in “Journal of Morphological Sciences” This case report presents a 60-year-old woman with virilization and elevated adrenal androgens, where a bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy confirmed ovarian steroid cell tumor NOS, and her symptoms resolved post-operatively.
December 2021 in “Aegean journal of obstetrics and gynecology” This case report highlights a rare instance of postmenopausal virilization in a 71-year-old woman due to coexisting ovarian hilus cell hyperplasia and a Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor.
1 citations
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August 2022 in “Case Reports” This case report describes a woman in her 30s who had virilisation and androgenic alopecia due to a testosterone-secreting ovarian tumor, which normalized after its surgical removal.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” In this case report, a 62-year-old woman with hyperandrogenism and polycythemia was diagnosed with a rare ovarian steroid cell tumor, highlighting the importance of considering such tumors in similar presentations; surgical removal led to symptom and lab normalization.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This case report describes a patient with an ovarian steroid cell tumor that initially presented as non-classical adrenal hyperplasia, emphasizing the difficulty in differential diagnosis with hyperandrogenism and the importance of close clinical monitoring.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This case report highlights the challenge of differentiating between non-classical adrenal hyperplasia and steroid cell tumors of the ovary in a patient presenting with hyperandrogenism.