This study highlights the crucial role of ligand-independent actions of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in maintaining hair cycle and skin homeostasis. In VDR-KO rats, which lack the VDR gene, there is significant alopecia and skin abnormalities, including hyperkeratosis and increased trans-epidermal water loss. In contrast, rats with a mutant VDR (R270L/H301Q) that cannot bind ligands do not exhibit these issues, indicating that VDR's non-liganded actions are essential. The study found that VDR-KO rats have altered gene and protein expression, particularly in the Shh, Wnt, and Bmp signaling pathways, with decreased hair keratins and increased epidermal keratins. These findings underscore the importance of non-liganded VDR in keratinocyte differentiation, proliferation, and cell death in hair follicles and the epidermis.
July 2020 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” The enzymes Tet1, Tet2, and Tet3 are important for the development of hair follicles and determining hair shape by controlling hair keratin genes.
August 2016 in “Journal of Dermatology” A chemical called 5-Bromo-2′-deoxyuridine caused rapid hair loss in mice by killing certain skin cells through a specific cell death pathway.
August 1994 in “Journal of dermatological science” Active oxygen scavengers can reverse the suppression of hair cell growth caused by androgens.
August 2011 in “Planta Medica” 4-O-methylhonokiol from Magnolia Officinalis may promote hair growth by interfering with TGF-β1 effects in skin cells.
The estrogen receptor pathway controls hair growth cycles and affects skin cell growth.
115 citations,
August 2008 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Thyroid hormones help hair grow, reduce hair loss, and increase hair pigment.
68 citations,
March 2008 in “Experimental dermatology” The new assay can track and measure melanosome transfer between skin cells, confirming filopodia's role in this process.
12 citations,
December 2011 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” The C-terminal tail of AHF/trichohyalin is essential for organizing keratin filaments in keratinocytes.
November 2022 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Deleting the CD271 gene in mouse skin cells leads to disorganized skin and increased hair growth, suggesting CD271 is important for skin health.
April 2021 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” TET enzymes are important for skin and hair development by controlling gene activity in specific areas.
18 citations,
November 2009 in “Archives of Dermatology” Calcipotriol doesn't prevent hypertrophic scars, but keratinocyte activation is important in scar formation.
12 citations,
June 2012 in “Wound Repair and Regeneration” Regulating keratinocyte growth in engineered skin can improve wound healing.
14 citations,
September 1991 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Minoxidil slows down keratinocyte growth without being toxic.
11 citations,
August 2021 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” A gene mutation causes early keratinocyte maturation leading to hair loss in Olmsted syndrome.
9 citations,
January 2006 in “Cutaneous and ocular toxicology” L-cystine, D-pantothenat, and miliacin together significantly boost keratinocyte growth and metabolism.
550 citations,
December 2005 in “The Journal of clinical investigation/The journal of clinical investigation” Researchers successfully isolated and identified key markers of stem cell-enriched human hair follicle bulge cells.
314 citations,
April 2010 in “Developmental Cell” β-catenin in the dermal papilla is crucial for normal hair growth and repair.
205 citations,
March 2012 in “Science Translational Medicine” PGD2 stops hair growth and is higher in bald men with AGA.
204 citations,
October 1999 in “EMBO journal” Overexpression of activin A in mice skin causes skin thickening, fibrosis, and improved wound healing.
165 citations,
January 2008 in “Journal of biomaterials science. Polymer ed.” The peptide GHK-Cu helps heal and remodel tissue, improves skin and hair health, and has potential for treating age-related inflammatory diseases.
165 citations,
September 2003 in “Toxicology and applied pharmacology” Blocking COX, especially COX-2, in the skin can reduce inflammation and pain and may help prevent skin cancer.
163 citations,
October 2001 in “EMBO journal” Overexpressing follistatin in mice delays wound healing and reduces scar size.
140 citations,
April 2004 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” The enzyme 25 Hydroxyvitamin D 1 α-Hydroxylase is essential for healthy skin and recovery after skin damage.
138 citations,
June 2004 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Involucrin gene expression is controlled by specific proteins and signaling pathways.
135 citations,
December 2006 in “PLoS Medicine” Hyaluronate fragments can help reverse skin thinning by working with the CD44 receptor.
131 citations,
July 2009 in “Experimental Dermatology” The document concludes that specific cells are essential for hair growth and more research is needed to understand how to maintain their hair-inducing properties.
130 citations,
August 2015 in “Experimental Dermatology” Human hair follicle organ culture is a useful model for hair research with potential for studying hair biology and testing treatments.
127 citations,
December 2005 in “Experimental Dermatology” Stress can stop hair growth in mice, and treatments can reverse this effect.
122 citations,
July 2005 in “The FASEB journal” Hair follicles produce and respond to melatonin, affecting hair growth and sensitivity to estrogen.