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GlossaryJAK-STAT pathway

transmits signals from cell surface to nucleus for gene expression

The JAK-STAT pathway, short for Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway, is a chain of interactions between proteins in a cell that transmits signals from chemical signals outside the cell to the cell nucleus, resulting in DNA transcription and activity changes. This pathway is crucial for regulating immune function, cell growth, and development, and has been implicated in various diseases, including certain types of alopecia and cancers.

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research Scarring Hair Follicle Destruction Is Driven by the Collapse of EGFR-Protected JAK-STAT1-Sensitive Stem Cell Immune Privilege

October 2023 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)”

A protein called EGFR protects hair follicle stem cells, and when it's disrupted, hair follicles can be damaged, but blocking certain pathways can restore hair growth.

research Scarring Alopecia Is Driven by the Collapse of EGFR-Protected JAK-STAT1-Sensitive Stem Cell Immune Privilege

November 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Cancer treatment drugs can cause permanent hair loss by damaging hair follicle stem cells, but a specific inhibitor might reverse this effect.

research Epigallocatechin-3 Gallate Inhibits STAT-1/JAK2/IRF-1/HLA-DR/HLA-B and Reduces CD8 NKG2D Lymphocytes in Alopecia Areata Patients

15 citations, December 2018 in “International journal of environmental research and public health/International journal of environmental research and public health”

EGCG may help treat alopecia areata by blocking certain immune responses and reducing specific harmful immune cells.

research A Subset of TREM2+ Dermal Macrophages Secretes Oncostatin M to Maintain Hair Follicle Stem Cell Quiescence and Inhibit Hair Growth

101 citations, March 2019 in “Cell Stem Cell”

Certain immune cells in the skin release a protein that stops hair growth by keeping hair stem cells inactive.

research Early Dengue Virus Infection in Human Skin: A Cycle of Inflammation and Infectivity

6 citations, July 2015 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Chicken feather gene mutation helps understand human hair disorders.

research Feather on the Cap of Medicine

5 citations, June 2015 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Feathers are useful for researching growth, regeneration, and the effects of treatments like chemotherapy on hair loss.

research Alopecia Areata: A Review of the Role of Oxidative Stress, Possible Biomarkers, and Potential Novel Therapeutic Approaches

15 citations, January 2023 in “Antioxidants”

Oxidative stress plays a significant role in alopecia areata, and new treatments may include JAK inhibitors and antioxidants.

research Emerging Drugs for Alopecia Areata: JAK Inhibitors

20 citations, January 2018 in “Expert opinion on emerging drugs”

JAK inhibitors may soon be a safe and effective treatment for alopecia areata.

research Immunopathology and Immunotherapy of Inflammatory Skin Diseases

15 citations, January 2022 in “Immune Network/Immune network”

New targeted immunotherapies are improving treatment for inflammatory skin diseases.

Perifolliculitis Capitis Abscedens Et Suffodiens Treatment With Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors and Baricitinib: A Case Report and Literature Review

research Perifolliculitis Capitis Abscedens Et Suffodiens Treatment With Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors and Baricitinib: A Case Report and Literature Review

2 citations, March 2023 in “Frontiers in medicine”

A 15-year-old boy's severe scalp condition improved significantly with adalimumab and baricitinib treatment.

research Inhibition of JAK-STAT Signaling with Baricitinib Reduces Inflammation and Improves Cellular Homeostasis in Progeria Cells

51 citations, October 2019 in “Cells”

Baricitinib reduces inflammation and improves cell health in premature aging cells.

research NF-κB in Biology and Targeted Therapy: New Insights and Translational Implications

1 citations, March 2024 in “Signal transduction and targeted therapy”

NF-κB signaling is crucial in many diseases and can be targeted for new treatments.

research Molecular Profiling of Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia Reveals TH1 and JAK-STAT Up-Regulation with No Suppression of Hair Keratins

2 citations, April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Frontal fibrosing alopecia shows increased inflammation and JAK-STAT pathway activity without reduced hair proteins.

research Dynamic and Spatial Transcriptional Responses in COVID-19-Related Chilblains

April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

COVID-toes show a unique immune response over time, different from vaccine-related chilblains.

research Scoping Review on the Use of Drugs Targeting JAK/STAT Pathway in Atopic Dermatitis, Vitiligo, and Alopecia Areata

55 citations, October 2019 in “Dermatology and therapy”

Drugs targeting the JAK/STAT pathway can improve atopic dermatitis but vary in effectiveness for vitiligo and alopecia areata, with generally mild safety concerns.

research An Overview of JAK/STAT Pathways and JAK Inhibition in Alopecia Areata

40 citations, August 2022 in “Frontiers in immunology”

Blocking JAK/STAT pathways can help treat hair loss from alopecia areata.

Particulate Matter Induces Inflammatory Response in Human Outer Root Sheath Cells via Oxidative Stress-Dependent MAPK and JAK-STAT Signaling Pathways

research Particulate Matter Induces Inflammatory Response in Human Outer Root Sheath Cells via Oxidative Stress-Dependent MAPK and JAK-STAT Signaling Pathways

July 2022 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Particulate matter causes inflammation in hair cells, potentially harming hair growth.

research Mesenchymal Stem Cells Antagonize IFN-Induced Proinflammatory Changes and Growth Inhibition Effects via Wnt/β-Catenin and JAK/STAT Pathway in Human Outer Root Sheath Cells and Hair Follicles

14 citations, April 2021 in “International journal of molecular sciences”

Mesenchymal stem cells may help treat hair loss by improving hair cell growth and reducing inflammation.

research The JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway: From Bench to Clinic

489 citations, November 2021 in “Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy”

The JAK/STAT pathway is important in cell processes and disease, and JAK inhibitors are promising for treating related conditions.

Ideal JAK Inhibitor for Alopecia Areata: Baricitinib, Tofacitinib, Ritlecitinib, or Ifidancitinib - Revisiting the Immunomechanisms of the JAK Pathway

research Ideal JAK Inhibitor for Alopecia Areata: Baricitinib, Tofacitinib, Ritlecitinib, or Ifidancitinib - Revisiting the Immunomechanisms of the JAK Pathway

January 2023 in “Indian Dermatology Online Journal”

No single ideal JAK inhibitor for alopecia areata has been determined; JAK3 inhibitors may be promising with fewer side effects.

research JAK Inhibitors: New Players in the Field of Immune-Mediated Diseases Beyond Rheumatoid Arthritis

223 citations, September 2018 in “Rheumatology”

JAK inhibitors are effective in treating various immune-related diseases, not just rheumatoid arthritis.

research Small Molecule Inhibitors and Inflammatory Skin Diseases

March 2018 in “Suez Canal University Medical Journal”

New drugs targeting the JAK-STAT pathway show promise for treating inflammatory skin diseases.

research The Effect of JAK Inhibitor on Survival, Anagen Re-Entry, and Hair Follicle Immune Privilege Restoration in Human Dermal Papilla Cells

16 citations, July 2020 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

Ruxolitinib may help treat hair loss by reducing inflammation, promoting hair growth signals, and protecting hair follicle immunity.