small proteins communicate with cells to regulate immune responses
Cytokine signaling refers to the process by which cytokines, which are small proteins released by cells, communicate with other cells to regulate immune responses, inflammation, and cell growth. This communication occurs when cytokines bind to specific receptors on the surface of target cells, triggering a cascade of intracellular events that alter the cell's behavior. This process is crucial for coordinating the body's response to infections, injuries, and diseases, including conditions like alopecia where immune system dysregulation can affect hair growth.