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    Glossary Cytokine Signaling

    small proteins communicate with cells to regulate immune responses

    Cytokine signaling refers to the process by which cytokines, which are small proteins released by cells, communicate with other cells to regulate immune responses, inflammation, and cell growth. This communication occurs when cytokines bind to specific receptors on the surface of target cells, triggering a cascade of intracellular events that alter the cell's behavior. This process is crucial for coordinating the body's response to infections, injuries, and diseases, including conditions like alopecia where immune system dysregulation can affect hair growth.

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    1. Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields Increase Cytokines in Human Hair Follicles through Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Biomedicines · 2022 · 2 citations
    2. Assessment of Cytokine-Mediated Signaling Pathway Dysregulation in Arm Skin After CO2 Laser Therapy Journal of lasers in medical sciences · 2019 · 13 citations
    3. Novel Quinazoline Derivative Induces Differentiation of Keratinocytes and Enhances Skin Barrier Functions against Th2 Cytokine-Mediated Signaling Molecules · 2023 · 2 citations
    4. The disintegrin/metalloproteinase Adam10 is essential for epidermal integrity and Notch-mediated signaling Development · 2011 · 134 citations
    5. Tannic Acid Accelerates Cutaneous Wound Healing in Rats Via Activation of the <i>ERK 1/2</i> Signaling Pathways Advances in wound care · 2019 · 26 citations
    6. Analysis of hidradenitis suppurativa–linked mutations in four genes and the effects of PSEN1-P242LfsX11 on cytokine and chemokine expression in macrophages Human Molecular Genetics · 2018 · 25 citations
    7. Interaction of the AKT and β-catenin signalling pathways and the influence of photobiomodulation on cellular signalling proteins in diabetic wound healing Journal of Biomedical Science · 2023 · 19 citations
    8. Transcriptome Meta-Analysis Confirms the Hidradenitis Suppurativa Pathogenic Triad: Upregulated Inflammation, Altered Epithelial Organization, and Dysregulated Metabolic Signaling Biomolecules · 2022 · 13 citations
    9. Langerin+ Dendritic Cells in Cutaneous Fibrosis: The TGF-β1 Signaling Axis Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology · 2025
    10. Olink proteomics analysis of scalp psoriasis reveals a cytokine storm inflammatory mainly related to bacterial-derived antigens 2025
    11. 448 Combined therapeutic approach: Inhibition of MMP-9 and JAK Signaling Synergistically Prevents Depigmentation in Experimental Vitiligo Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2025
    12. 705 Particulate matter induces inflammatory response in human outer root sheath cells via oxidative stress-dependent MAPK and JAK-STAT signaling pathways 2022
    13. Signalling Underlying Wound Healing Encyclopedia of Life Sciences · 2019
    14. Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia Beyond Cytotoxicity: Hair Follicle Immune Privilege Collapse and JAK-STAT Signaling International Journal of Molecular Sciences · 2026
    15. YAP/TAZ Signalling Controls Epidermal Keratinocyte Fate International Journal of Molecular Sciences · 2024 · 14 citations
    16. 0935 Unravelling the role of JAK3/TEC kinase signalling with ritlecitinib in alopecia areata lesional skin and alopecia areata-induced human hair follicles ex vivo Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2025
    17. Protective effect of a novel metal-phenolic network composite against ultraviolet-induced skin damage by modulating MAPK/AP-1/NF-κB signaling pathways and attenuating oxidative stress in human keratinocytes Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · 2025
    18. Melatonin Promotes the Development of Secondary Hair Follicles in Adult Cashmere Goats by Activating the Keap1-Nrf2 Signaling Pathway and Inhibiting the Inflammatory Transcription Factors NFκB and AP-1 International Journal of Molecular Sciences · 2023 · 1 citations
    19. Signaling modality within gp130 receptor enhances tissue regeneration bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · 2022
    20. The high-polarity fraction of tail fat derived from Lanzhou Fat-Tailed sheep enhances skin wound healing through the regulation of inflammatory factors and the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway Food Science and Human Wellness · 2026
    21. Protective role of agomelatine via modulation of TLR4/NF-κB: NLRP3/IL-1β signaling pathways in testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology · 2025
    22. 1313 Fzd2 controls multiple aspects of epidermal development through distinct signaling mechanisms Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2018 · 1 citations
    23. Wound healing protects against chemotherapy-induced alopecia in young rats via up-regulating interleukin-1β-mediated signaling Heliyon · 2017 · 3 citations
    24. Effects of oleanolic acid on hair growth in mouse dorsal skin mediated via regulation of inflammatory cytokines Journal of Applied Biomedicine · 2023
    25. The role of lymphocytes in the development and treatment of alopecia areata Expert Review of Clinical Immunology · 2015 · 60 citations
    26. Developing a JAK Inhibitor for Targeted Local Delivery: Ruxolitinib Cream Pharmaceutics · 2021 · 24 citations
    27. Interleukin-6 Null Mice Paradoxically Display Increased STAT3 Activity and Wound-Induced Hair Neogenesis Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2016 · 16 citations
    28. Innovative Therapeutic Strategies in TYK2-Targeted Treatments: From Cancer to Autoimmune Disorders ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters · 2024 · 1 citations
    29. Modern Therapies for Discoid Lupus Erythematosus: A Narrative Review Dermatology and Therapy · 2026
    30. Genome-wide association study of atopic and autoimmune comorbidities in alopecia areata Frontiers in Immunology · 2026