Genome-Wide Association Study of Alopecia Areata in Taiwan: The Conflict Between Individuals and Hair Follicles

September 2023 in “ Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology ”

Jai Sing Yang, Ting-Yuan Liu, Yu‐Chia Chen, Shih‐Chang Tsai, Yu‐Jen Chiu, Chi-Chou Liao, Fuu‐Jen Tsai

alopecia areata genome-wide association study single nucleotide polymorphisms LINC02006 APC SRP19 EGFLAM LDLRAD3 immune response pathways HLA genotypes HLA-DQA1*01:02 immune cell infiltration antigen presentation Notch signaling AA GWAS SNPs HLA

TLDR Certain genetic variants linked to immune response increase the risk of alopecia areata in Taiwanese people.

This genome-wide association study (GWAS) on alopecia areata (AA) in a Taiwanese cohort of 408 AA cases and 8,167 controls identified seven significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes such as LINC02006, APC, SRP19, EGFLAM, and LDLRAD3, which are linked to immune response pathways. Additionally, four HLA genotypes, particularly HLA-DQA1*01:02, were associated with AA. These findings suggest that genetic variants related to immune cell infiltration and signaling pathways like antigen presentation and Notch signaling contribute to AA susceptibility in the Taiwanese population, enhancing the understanding of AA's genetic basis.

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research Clinical and Genetic Aspects of Alopecia Areata: A Cutting Edge Review

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research The Burden of Alopecia Areata: A Scoping Review Focusing on Quality of Life, Mental Health, and Work Productivity

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research Anxiety, Depression, and Quality of Life in Children and Adults With Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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People with alopecia areata are more likely to have anxiety and depression and a lower quality of life.

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13 citations , September 2022 in “Frontiers in immunology”

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research An Overview of JAK/STAT Pathways and JAK Inhibition in Alopecia Areata

40 citations , August 2022 in “Frontiers in immunology”

Blocking JAK/STAT pathways can help treat hair loss from alopecia areata.

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research Mesenchymal Stem Cells Antagonize IFN-Induced Proinflammatory Changes and Growth Inhibition Effects via Wnt/β-Catenin and JAK/STAT Pathway in Human Outer Root Sheath Cells and Hair Follicles

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research The Effect of JAK Inhibitor on Survival, Anagen Re-Entry, and Hair Follicle Immune Privilege Restoration in Human Dermal Papilla Cells

16 citations , July 2020 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

Ruxolitinib may help treat hair loss by reducing inflammation, promoting hair growth signals, and protecting hair follicle immunity.

research Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia Shows Robust T Helper 1 and Janus Kinase 3 Skewing

34 citations , June 2020 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement”

Frontal fibrosing alopecia is linked to increased immune system activity and reduced stem cells, suggesting early treatment targeting this pathway might prevent hair follicle damage.

research Alopecia Areata: A Multifactorial Autoimmune Condition

148 citations , March 2019 in “Journal of autoimmunity”

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease causing patchy hair loss, often with other autoimmune disorders, but its exact causes are unknown.

research High-Throughput T Cell Receptor Sequencing Identifies Clonally Expanded CD8+ T Cell Populations in Alopecia Areata

46 citations , October 2018 in “JCI insight”

CD8+ T cells are involved in alopecia areata and may cause disease relapse.

research Alopecia Areata: A Review of Disease Pathogenesis

191 citations , September 2018 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement”

Alopecia areata is likely an autoimmune disease with unclear triggers, involving various immune cells and molecules, and currently has no cure.

research iNKT Cells Ameliorate Human Autoimmunity: Lessons from Alopecia Areata

27 citations , July 2018 in “Journal of autoimmunity”

iNKT cells can help prevent and treat alopecia areata by promoting hair regrowth.

research Mycophenolate Antagonizes IFN-γ-Induced Catagen-Like Changes via β-Catenin Activation in Human Dermal Papilla Cells and Hair Follicles

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research Alopecia Areata Is Driven by Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes and Is Reversed by JAK Inhibition

701 citations , August 2014 in “Nature medicine”

Alopecia areata can be reversed by JAK inhibitors, promoting hair regrowth.