Topical JAK Inhibitors for the Treatment of Alopecia Areata and Vitiligo

    March 2017 in “ Current dermatology reports ”
    Etienne C.E. Wang, John E. Harris, Angela M. Christiano
    TLDR Topical JAK inhibitors can effectively treat alopecia areata and vitiligo by modulating immune responses.
    The document reviewed the use of topical JAK inhibitors for treating alopecia areata (AA) and vitiligo, emphasizing the JAK-STAT pathway's role in disease pathogenesis and therapeutic potential. Key studies demonstrated that JAK inhibitors like tofacitinib and ruxolitinib could reverse AA and vitiligo by modulating immune responses. Notably, a 2014 study by Xing et al. showed AA driven by cytotoxic T lymphocytes could be reversed by JAK inhibition, and a 2016 report by Harris et al. indicated rapid skin repigmentation in a patient with both AA and vitiligo treated with oral ruxolitinib. The document also discussed preclinical evaluations, a phase 2a trial of topical tofacitinib for atopic dermatitis, and the potential of JAK-STAT signaling inhibition to promote hair growth and target epidermal cells in vitiligo.
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