Epigallocatechin-3 Gallate Inhibits STAT-1/JAK2/IRF-1/HLA-DR/HLA-B and Reduces CD8 NKG2D Lymphocytes in Alopecia Areata Patients

December 2018 in “ International journal of environmental research and public health/International journal of environmental research and public health ”

Fatma N Hamed, A.J.G. McDonagh, Sarah Almaghrabi, Youssef Bakri, A.G. Messenger, Rachid Tazi-Ahnini

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate EGCG STAT1 JAK2 IRF-1 HLA-DR HLA-B CD8 NKG2D Th1 Th17 IFN-γ IL-17 peripheral blood mononuclear cells PBMCs alopecia areata immune privilege hair follicles AA

TLDR EGCG may help treat alopecia areata by blocking certain immune responses and reducing specific harmful immune cells.

The study demonstrated that Epigallocatechin-3 Gallate (EGCG) inhibited the STAT-1/JAK2/IRF-1/HLA-DR/HLA-B signaling pathway and reduced the number of CD8 MKG2D lymphocytes in patients with alopecia areata (AA). Conducted on 30 AA patients and 30 healthy controls, the research showed that EGCG at concentrations of 20-40 µM significantly reduced phosphorylated STAT1 and downstream gene expression, decreased inflammatory T cell subsets, and modulated cytokine levels. These findings suggested that EGCG could help maintain immune privilege in hair follicles and offer a safer, cost-effective therapeutic alternative to JAK inhibitors for AA treatment.

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