Alopecia Areata: Case Report and Review of Pathophysiology and Treatment with JAK Inhibitors

    November 2022 in “ Journal of autoimmunity ”
    Isabelle Paggioli, Jeremy Moss
    Studysummary This case report discusses a successful treatment of Alopecia Areata with tofacitinib and includes a literature review on the condition's pathophysiology and the mechanism of JAK inhibitors, though it notes the high failure rate of available treatments and absence of FDA-approved options.
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    Research cited in this study 47

    1. Two Phase 3 Trials of Baricitinib for Alopecia Areata The New England Journal of Medicine · 2022
    2. A Comprehensive Literature Review of JAK Inhibitors in the Treatment of Alopecia Areata Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2021
    3. Selective Inhibition of JAK3 Signaling Is Sufficient to Reverse Alopecia Areata JCI insight · 2021
    4. Hair Follicle Immune Privilege and Its Collapse in Alopecia Areata Experimental dermatology · 2020
    5. Benefit and Risk Profile of Tofacitinib for the Treatment of Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology · 2019
    6. Combination Tofacitinib and Oral Minoxidil Treatment for Severe Alopecia Areata Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology · 2019
    7. Pathomechanisms of Immune-Mediated Alopecia International Immunology · 2019
    8. JAK Inhibitors for Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology · 2019
    9. The Use of Janus Kinase Inhibitors in Alopecia Areata: A Review of the Literature Journal of cutaneous medicine and surgery · 2019
    10. Alopecia Areata: A Multifactorial Autoimmune Condition Journal of autoimmunity · 2018
    11. Treatment of Alopecia Areata: An Australian Expert Consensus Statement Australasian journal of dermatology · 2018
    12. JAK Inhibitors for Treatment of Alopecia Areata ˜The œjournal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology · 2018
    13. Role of Janus Kinase Inhibitors in the Treatment of Alopecia Areata Drug design, development and therapy · 2018
    14. Successful Treatment of Severe Alopecia Areata With Oral or Topical Tofacitinib PubMed · 2018
    15. Alopecia Areata: A Review of Disease Pathogenesis British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement · 2018
    16. An Open-Label Pilot Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Tofacitinib in Moderate to Severe Patch-Type Alopecia Areata, Totalis, and Universalis Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2018
    17. Alopecia Areata: Overview and Insights from January 2018 Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology · 2017
    18. Oral Tofacitinib Monotherapy in Korean Patients with Refractory Moderate-to-Severe Alopecia Areata: A Case Series Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2017
    19. Evaluation of the Relationship Between Alopecia Areata and Viral Antigen Exposure American journal of clinical dermatology · 2017
    20. The Changing Landscape of Alopecia Areata: The Therapeutic Paradigm Advances in Therapy · 2017
    21. Treatment of Alopecia Areata With Tofacitinib JAMA Dermatology · 2017
    22. JAK Inhibitors in Dermatology: The Promise of a New Drug Class Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2017
    23. Tofacitinib for the Treatment of Alopecia Areata and Variants in Adolescents Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2016
    24. Tofacitinib for the Treatment of Severe Alopecia Areata and Variants: A Study of 90 Patients Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology · 2016
    25. Safety and Efficacy of the JAK Inhibitor Tofacitinib Citrate in Patients with Alopecia Areata JCI insight · 2016
    26. Health-Related Quality of Life Among Patients With Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology · 2016
    27. Familial Aggregation of Alopecia Areata Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2016
    28. Functional Interpretation of Genome-Wide Association Study Evidence in Alopecia Areata Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2015
    29. Epidemiology and Burden of Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology · 2015
    30. Alopecia Areata Is Driven by Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes and Is Reversed by JAK Inhibition Nature medicine · 2014
    31. Clinical and Histological Challenge in the Differential Diagnosis of Diffuse Alopecia: Female Androgenetic Alopecia, Telogen Effluvium, and Alopecia Areata – Part II Anais Brasileiros De Dermatologia · 2012
    32. Alopecia Areata: An Autoimmune Disease Causing Hair Loss The New England Journal of Medicine · 2012
    33. Histologic Features of Alopecia Areata Other Than Peribulbar Lymphocytic Infiltrates 2011
    34. Histopathology of Alopecia Areata, Acute and Chronic: Why Is It Important to the Clinician? Dermatologic Therapy · 2011
    35. The Pathogenesis of Primary Cicatricial Alopecias The American Journal of Pathology · 2010
    36. Alopecia Areata Update Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology · 2010
    37. The Hair Follicle as a Dynamic Mini-Organ Current Biology · 2009
    38. Maintenance of Hair Follicle Immune Privilege Is Linked to Prevention of NK Cell Attack Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2007
    39. Probing the Effects of Stress Mediators on the Human Hair Follicle American Journal of Pathology · 2007
    40. Histopathologic Evaluation of Alopecias The American Journal of Dermatopathology · 2006
    41. Neuroimmunoendocrine Circuitry of the Brain-Skin Connection Trends in Immunology · 2005
    42. Stress Inhibits Hair Growth in Mice by Inducing Premature Catagen Development and Harmful Perifollicular Inflammatory Events via Neuropeptide Substance P-Dependent Pathways American Journal of Pathology · 2003
    43. The Biology of Hair Follicles The New England Journal of Medicine · 1999
    44. Eosinophils in Fibrous Tracts and Near Hair Bulbs: A Helpful Diagnostic Feature of Alopecia Areata Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology · 1997
    45. Evaluation of Oral Minoxidil in the Treatment of Alopecia Areata Archives of Dermatology · 1987
    46. Topical Minoxidil Dose-Response Effect in Alopecia Areata Archives of Dermatology · 1986
    47. Distribution of Major Histocompatibility Antigens in Normal Skin British Journal of Dermatology · 1983

    Related research 5

    1. Case Report of Novel Combination of Anthralin and Calcipotriene Leading to Trichologic Response in Alopecia Areata JAAD case reports · 2019
    2. Alopecia Areata: A Multifactorial Autoimmune Condition Journal of autoimmunity · 2018
    3. Linear Alopecia Areata JAAD case reports · 2018
    4. Successful Treatment of Severe Alopecia Areata With Oral or Topical Tofacitinib PubMed · 2018
    5. Treating Resistant Cases of Alopecia Universalis Journal of cosmetology & trichology · 2018