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Glossary Dihydrotestosterone

potent androgen hormone derived from testosterone

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is a potent androgen hormone derived from testosterone through the action of the enzyme 5-alpha-reductase. It plays a crucial role in the development of male characteristics and is also implicated in conditions like androgenic alopecia (male pattern baldness) and benign prostatic hyperplasia.

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research Marked Suppression of Dihydrotestosterone in Men with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia by Dutasteride, a Dual 5α-Reductase Inhibitor

408 citations , May 2004 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism”

This study found that dutasteride more effectively reduced serum dihydrotestosterone levels than finasteride in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

research DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE AND THE PROSTATE: THE SCIENTIFIC RATIONALE FOR 5α-REDUCTASE INHIBITORS IN THE TREATMENT OF BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA

235 citations , September 2004 in “The Journal of urology/The journal of urology”

This review discusses the role of dihydrotestosterone in benign prostatic hyperplasia and reports no new results; the authors highlight 5alpha-reductase inhibitors as a well-established treatment option.

research Dihydrotestosterone and the Concept of 5α–Reductase Inhibition in Human Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

184 citations , January 2000 in “European Urology”

This abstract reviews the role of finasteride and potential dual 5alpha-reductase inhibitors in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia, suggesting that dual inhibitors may offer greater DHT suppression and therapeutic advantages, while emphasizing the need for clinical evaluation.

research Dihydrotestosterone-Inducible IL-6 Inhibits Elongation of Human Hair Shafts by Suppressing Matrix Cell Proliferation and Promotes Regression of Hair Follicles in Mice

173 citations , September 2011 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

IL-6 contributes to hair loss by shortening the growth phase and causing hair follicles to regress.

research Dihydrotestosterone-Inducible Dickkopf 1 from Balding Dermal Papilla Cells Causes Apoptosis in Follicular Keratinocytes

171 citations , July 2007 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

The researchers reported that DHT-inducible DKK-1 may play a significant role in DHT-driven balding by inhibiting hair follicle cell growth and promoting apoptosis in androgenetic alopecia.

research The Effects of Transdermal Dihydrotestosterone in the Aging Male: A Prospective, Randomized, Double Blind Study

110 citations , April 2002 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism”

Dihydrotestosterone gel improved well-being and sexual function in older men without negatively affecting prostate health.

research Testosterone, Dihydrotestosterone, and Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality in the Cardiovascular Health Study

104 citations , March 2014 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism”

In this study, DHT and calculated free DHT were linked to higher risks of incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in elderly men, while total testosterone and calculated free testosterone showed no such associations.

A Model for the Turnover of Dihydrotestosterone in the Presence of the Irreversible 5α-Reductase Inhibitors GI198745 and Finasteride

research A model for the turnover of dihydrotestosterone in the presence of the irreversible 5α-reductase inhibitors GI198745 and finasteride

60 citations , December 1998 in “Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics”

Both drugs lower DHT levels, with GI198745 being more effective.

The Effect of Finasteride, a 5 Alpha-Reductase Inhibitor, on Scalp Skin Testosterone and Dihydrotestosterone Concentrations in Patients with Male Pattern Baldness

research The effect of finasteride, a 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor, on scalp skin testosterone and dihydrotestosterone concentrations in patients with male pattern baldness.

59 citations , September 1994 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

This study found that 4 weeks of finasteride treatment significantly decreased DHT levels in bald scalp to levels similar to hair-containing scalp in men with male pattern baldness.

The Dihydrotestosterone Hypothesis of Prostate Cancer and Its Therapeutic Implications

research The dihydrotestosterone (DHT) hypothesis of prostate cancer and its therapeutic implications

57 citations , January 1986 in “The Prostate”

This article discusses the role of dihydrotestosterone in human prostatic adenocarcinoma growth and suggests that 6-methyleneprogesterone could be used to inhibit DHT for treating hormone-responsive prostate cancer, without new clinical findings.

Dihydrotestosterone Stimulates 5α-Reductase Activity in Pubic Skin Fibroblasts

research Dihydrotestosterone Stimulates 5a-Reductase Activity in Pubic Skin Fibroblasts*

57 citations , February 1983 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism”

This study found that pubic skin fibroblasts respond to androgens, increasing 5α-reductase activity via an androgen receptor-mediated mechanism, suggesting its potential as a marker of androgen action in vitro.

research Testosterone alters iron metabolism and stimulates red blood cell production independently of dihydrotestosterone

53 citations , July 2014 in “American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism”

This study found that testosterone-enanthate increased red blood cell production and altered iron homeostasis in older hypogonadal men without being affected by finasteride, indicating these effects do not require type II 5α-reductase enzyme activity.

research Nipple Differentiation in Fetal Male Rats Treated with an Inhibitor of the Enzyme 5α-Reductase: Definition of a Selective Role for Dihydrotestosterone*

53 citations , January 1986 in “Endocrinology”

This rat study suggests that 5α-dihydrotestosterone plays a critical role in inhibiting nipple development in male fetuses by causing the regression of the nipple anlage in utero.

research SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein S1-Mediated Endothelial Injury and Pro-Inflammatory State Is Amplified by Dihydrotestosterone and Prevented by Mineralocorticoid Antagonism

50 citations , November 2021 in “Viruses”

This study observed that in vitro exposure to dihydrotestosterone worsened COVID-19 spike protein-induced endothelial injury, while spironolactone showed potential in reducing this effect, suggesting a rationale for further evaluation in treating COVID-19.

research Clinical biochemistry of dihydrotestosterone

50 citations , February 2013 in “Annals of Clinical Biochemistry”

This review discusses the production, role, and measurement of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in various disorders of sexual development but does not report new clinical results.

research Ursolic acid reduces prostate size and dihydrotestosterone level in a rat model of benign prostatic hyperplasia

44 citations , January 2012 in “Food and chemical toxicology”

In a testosterone-induced BPH rat model, this study found that ursolic acid treatment significantly reduced prostate weight and hormone levels, suggesting it may inhibit BPH development.

Effects of a Novel Finasteride 0.25% Topical Solution on Scalp and Serum Dihydrotestosterone in Healthy Men with Androgenetic Alopecia

research Effects of a novel finasteride 0.25% topical solution on scalp and serum dihydrotestosterone in healthy men with androgenetic alopecia

42 citations , December 2015 in “International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics”

This study found that applying a novel 0.25% finasteride solution to the scalp can effectively reduce scalp DHT levels in men with androgenetic alopecia, potentially reducing systemic side-effects.

research MK-386, an Inhibitor of 5α-Reductase Type 1, Reduces Dihydrotestosterone Concentrations in Serum and Sebum without Affecting Dihydrotestosterone Concentrations in Semen¹

37 citations , May 1997 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism”

This study found that MK-386 selectively suppressed sebum DHT levels in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting potential use for treating acne.

Biosynthesis of Dihydrotestosterone by a Pathway That Does Not Require Testosterone as an Intermediate in the SZ95 Sebaceous Gland Cell Line

research Biosynthesis of Dihydrotestosterone by a Pathway that Does Not Require Testosterone as an Intermediate in the SZ95 Sebaceous Gland Cell Line

36 citations , October 2009 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

This study suggests that in SZ95 sebocytes, a pathway for DHT biosynthesis does not require testosterone as an intermediate, potentially impacting the treatment of androgen-sensitive skin conditions.

research Assessment of the usefulness of dihydrotestosterone in the diagnostics of patients with androgenetic alopecia

35 citations , January 2014 in “Postepy Dermatologii I Alergologii”

This study found that increased dihydrotestosterone levels were observed in both androgenetic alopecia patients and controls, suggesting that follicle sensitivity to DHT may be more critical than DHT levels for alopecia development.

research Morphology of the testis and the epididymis in rats with dihydrotestosterone (DHT) deficiency.

34 citations , January 2004 in “PubMed”

In this study, finasteride treatment for 56 days in adult rats led to sloughing of immature germinal cells and reduced sperm content in the epididymis, indicating its importance for maintaining spermatogenesis.

research Dihydrotestosterone inhibits hair growth in mice by inhibiting insulin-like growth factor-I production in dermal papillae

32 citations , February 2024 in “Growth Hormone & IGF Research”

In this study, DHT was found to inhibit hair growth in mice by decreasing IGF-I production in dermal papillae through reduced sensory neuron stimulation.

research Effect of dihydrotestosterone on the upregulation of inflammatory cytokines in cultured sebocytes

32 citations , December 2009 in “Archives of Dermatological Research”

In this study, DHT was associated with increased production of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α in cultured sebocytes, suggesting a role in acne pathophysiology beyond sebum production.

research Preventable effect of L-threonate, an ascorbate metabolite, on androgen-driven balding via repression of dihydrotestosteroneinduced dickkopf-1 expression in human hair dermal papilla cells

31 citations , October 2010 in “BMB Reports”

In this study, L-threonate was found to inhibit DHT-induced DKK-1 expression in cultured dermal papilla cells, suggesting it could help prevent androgen-driven balding.

research Clinical relevance of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone metabolism in women

31 citations , January 1995 in “The American journal of medicine”

This article reviews the role of 5α-reductase in cutaneous hyperandrogenism and the potential of 5α-reductase inhibitors and antiandrogens in treating conditions like hirsutism and male-pattern baldness, reporting no clinical results.

research Prevention and treatment of experimental prostate cancer in lobund-wistar rats. I. Effects of estradiol, dihydrotestosterone, and castration

31 citations , January 1989 in “The Prostate/The prostate”

This study found that early treatment with estradiol or dihydrotestosterone significantly reduced prostate adenocarcinoma development in Lobund-Wistar rats, while later treatments were ineffective.

A Hypothetical Pathogenesis Model for Androgenic Alopecia: Clarifying the Dihydrotestosterone Paradox and Rate-Limiting Recovery Factors

research A hypothetical pathogenesis model for androgenic alopecia: clarifying the dihydrotestosterone paradox and rate-limiting recovery factors

30 citations , December 2017 in “Medical Hypotheses”

This review evaluates dihydrotestosterone's role in androgenic alopecia and proposes a model suggesting that chronic scalp tension and inflammation contribute to hair follicle miniaturization, identifying fibrosis, calcification, and tension as treatment targets.

research The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the testis and epididymis of rats with a dihydrotestosterone (DHT) deficiency

28 citations , January 2009 in “Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters”

This study concluded that finasteride-induced DHT deficiency intensified constitutive iNOS expression in rat testicular and epididymal cells, suggesting a complex regulatory relationship needing further investigation.

research Estimating the Contribution of the Prostate to Blood Dihydrotestosterone

28 citations , November 2003 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism”

This study indicates that the normal human prostate is not a major contributor to circulating blood DHT concentrations in androgen-deficient patients receiving testosterone replacement therapy.

research Sexual dimorphism of growth plate prehypertrophic and hypertrophic chondrocytes in response to testosterone requires metabolism to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by steroid 5‐alpha reductase type 1

27 citations , February 2005 in “Journal of Cellular Biochemistry”

This study found that rat male costochondral chondrocytes, unlike female chondrocytes, respond to testosterone through metabolism to dihydrotestosterone, which shows a maturation-state dependent effect in male growth plate cells.