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Cat claws stay sharp by shedding their outer layer through microcracks formed during activities.

Hair and nail cells share similar proteins, indicating a common differentiation pathway.

Hair in mammals likely evolved from glandular structures, not scales.

Mice without certain skin proteins had abnormal skin and hair development.

Scaffoldin helps form hard skin structures in chicken embryos.

Transglutaminase activity is important for skin and is found in both mammals and birds.

Cysteine-rich keratins evolved independently in mammals, reptiles, and birds for hard skin structures like hair, claws, and feathers.

New treatments targeting specific genes show promise for treating keratin disorders.

Different hair types in mammals are linked to variations in specific protein genes, with changes influenced by their living environments.

Trichohyalin-like proteins are essential for the development of skin structures like hair, nails, and feathers.

The skin systems of jawed vertebrates evolved diverse appendages like hair and scales from a common structure over 420 million years ago.

Different fish use the same genes to regrow teeth.

Deleting the Hoxc13 gene in frogs shows its crucial role in developing skin structures similar to hair.

A new skin disease in four Labrador retrievers responded well to immunosuppressive treatment.

The conclusion is that the nuclear lamina and LINC complex in skin cells respond to mechanical signals, affecting gene expression and cell differentiation, which is important for skin health and can impact skin diseases.

Children with darker skin tones can have specific skin conditions that need tailored treatments.

Hair keratins evolved from ancient proteins, diversifying through gene changes, crucial for forming claws and later hair in mammals.

The HoxC gene cluster and its enhancers are essential for developing hair and nails in mammals.

The cornified cell envelope forms a protective barrier in skin and hair, using specific proteins and lipids to maintain effectiveness.

Small proline-rich proteins and trichohyalin help make epithelial tissues tougher and more flexible.

The cornified envelope is crucial for skin's barrier function and involves key proteins and genetic factors.

Salicylic acid can safely exfoliate and regenerate skin without causing inflammation.

Understanding how EDC genes are regulated can help develop better drugs for skin diseases.

Without keratin 10, there's more growth and development of oil-producing skin cells.

Changthangi goats have specific genes that help produce Pashmina wool.

Mutations in NIPAL4 cause skin issues by disrupting lipid layers, but some improvement is seen with topical treatment.

VDUP1 is found in skin and hair follicles, interacts with sciellin, and may help regulate skin cell differentiation.

Inhibiting AP1 in mice skin causes structural changes and weakens the skin barrier.

The AVET system effectively delivers genes to human keratinocytes and may help treat skin diseases.

Keratin-associated proteins are part of the developing hair fiber cuticle.