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Glossary Cell Cycle Arrest

process that halts cell division to repair damage or stress

Cell cycle arrest is a mechanism that stops the progression of the cell cycle, preventing cells from dividing. This can occur in response to DNA damage, lack of nutrients, or other stress signals, allowing the cell time to repair itself or, if the damage is too severe, to initiate programmed cell death (apoptosis). This process is crucial for maintaining genetic stability and preventing the proliferation of damaged cells, which can lead to diseases like cancer.

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Characterization of Cell Cycle Arrest and Terminal Differentiation in a Maximally Proliferative Human Epithelial Tissue: Lessons from the Human Hair Follicle Matrix

research Characterisation of cell cycle arrest and terminal differentiation in a maximally proliferative human epithelial tissue: Lessons from the human hair follicle matrix

30 citations , April 2017 in “European Journal of Cell Biology”

This study observed that CIP/KIP proteins play a significant role in regulating cell cycle arrest and differentiation in human hair follicles, supporting hair growth and formation in the anagen phase.

4-O-Methylhonokiol Protects HaCaT Cells from TGF-β1-Induced Cell Cycle Arrest by Regulating Canonical and Non-Canonical Pathways of TGF-β Signaling

research 4-O-Methylhonokiol Protects HaCaT Cells from TGF-β1-Induced Cell Cycle Arrest by Regulating Canonical and Non-Canonical Pathways of TGF-β Signaling

5 citations , February 2017 in “Biomolecules & Therapeutics”

The authors reported that 4-O-methylhonokiol decreased TGF-β1-induced cell cycle arrest and oxidative stress markers in human keratinocyte cells, suggesting a potential protective role in TGF-β1-mediated cell cycle regulation.

Maternal Androgen Excess Inhibits Fetal Cardiomyocyte Proliferation Through RB-Mediated Cell Cycle Arrest and Induces Cardiac Hypertrophy in Adulthood

research Maternal androgen excess inhibits fetal cardiomyocytes proliferation through RB-mediated cell cycle arrest and induces cardiac hypertrophy in adulthood

2 citations , August 2023 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation”

In this study, researchers found that pregnant mice exposed to excessive androgen led to thinner ventricular walls and cardiac hypertrophy in offspring, suggesting that prenatal androgen exposure adversely affects cardiac health through reduced cardiomyocyte proliferation.

research 549 Temporary cell cycle arrest in human scalp hair follicles and their epithelial stem cells by ALRN-6924: A novel strategy to selectively protect p53-wildtype cells against paclitaxel-induced alopecia

1 citations , November 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

This study found that ALRN-6924, a clinical-stage dual inhibitor, can selectively protect human scalp hair follicles from paclitaxel-induced toxicity and damage by inducing transient cell cycle arrest in healthy cells without affecting cancer cells, potentially reducing chemotherapy-induced alopecia.

research Intensive stress impedes hair follicle growth through triggering cell cycle arrest of hair follicle stem cells

March 2025 in “The FASEB Journal”

In this study on mice, intensive stress through methods like resiniferatoxin injections and physical restraint was found to inhibit hair follicle growth, with the mechanism involving the sympathetic nervous system and the cAMP signaling pathway in hair follicle stem cells.

research 502 The stress-responsive secretory protein adrenomedullin 2 potently induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human hair follicles

November 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

This study found that recombinant human ADM2 treatment inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in human hair follicles, contrasting with the previously documented pro-proliferative and anti-apoptotic functions of ADM2.

research Embryonic NIPP1 depletion in keratinocytes triggers a cell-cycle arrest and premature senescence in adult mice

February 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

In this study, the deletion of NIPP1 in keratinocytes led to chronic skin inflammation and epidermal changes in mice, with early cell-cycle arrest and premature senescence observed, potentially contributing to reduced mutagen sensitivity.

Temporary Cell Cycle Arrest by ALRN-6924: A Novel P53-Targeting Strategy to Protect Human Scalp Hair Follicles Against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Alopecia

research 1409 Temporary cell cycle arrest by ALRN-6924: A novel, p53-targeting strategy to protect human scalp hair follicles against cyclophosphamide-induced alopecia

April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

This study found that ALRN-6924 effectively protected human hair follicles from cyclophosphamide-induced damage in an ex vivo setting, suggesting it may reduce both acute and permanent chemotherapy-induced alopecia.

Cedrol Restricts the Growth of Colorectal Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest and Caspase-Dependent Apoptotic Cell Death

research Cedrol restricts the growth of colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo by inducing cell cycle arrest and caspase-dependent apoptotic cell death

January 2022 in “International Journal of Medical Sciences”

This study investigated the effects of cedrol on colorectal cancer and found that it inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cell models, while in vivo, it suppressed cancer progression and improved survival at a well-tolerated dose.

research Regulatory effect of 4-O-methylhonokiol on TGF-β1-induced cell cycle arrest in human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT)

August 2011 in “Planta Medica”

This study suggests that the hair growth-promoting effects of 4-O-methylhonokiol may be linked to its ability to modulate TGF-β-induced cell cycle arrest and oxidative stress in HaCaT cells.

XMU-MP-1 Induces Growth Arrest in a Model Human Mini-Organ and Antagonizes Cell Cycle-Dependent Paclitaxel Cytotoxicity

research XMU-MP-1 induces growth arrest in a model human mini-organ and antagonises cell cycle-dependent paclitaxel cytotoxicity

4 citations , September 2020 in “Cell division”

In this study, XMU-MP-1 unexpectedly reduced cell proliferation and altered cell cycle progression in a model human hair follicle, possibly due to off-target kinase inhibition.

research B-219 Apoptotic effect and cell cycle arrest by Juniperus communis extract on oral cancer

October 2025 in “Clinical Chemistry”

This study found that combining Juniperus communis extract with 5-Fluorouracil inhibited oral cancer cell growth more effectively than 5-FU alone, inducing cancer cell death and reducing drug resistance by affecting key cellular pathways and proteins.

Inhibition of the Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier Promotes ATF4-Dependent Stress Responsive Metabolic Rewiring and Cell Cycle Arrest in the Human Hair Follicle

research 1367 Inhibition of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier promotes ATF4–dependent stress responsive metabolic rewiring and cell cycle arrest in the human hair follicle

April 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

This study found that inhibiting the Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier in human hair follicles ex vivo activated the integrated stress response, affecting cell proliferation and metabolism.

Transcriptional Profiling in Alopecia Areata Defines Immune and Cell Cycle Control Related Genes Within Disease-Specific Signatures

research Transcriptional profiling in alopecia areata defines immune and cell cycle control related genes within disease-specific signatures

61 citations , September 2010 in “Genomics”

This study found distinct gene expression profiles in alopecia areata-affected skin, suggesting T-cell mediated immune responses and unique gene profiles between different stages of the disease.

research Effect of Liquid Blood Concentrates on Cell Proliferation and Cell Cycle- and Apoptosis-Related Gene Expressions in Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Cells: A Comparative In Vitro Study

December 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

This study observed that treating basal and squamous cell carcinoma cells with platelet-rich fibrin significantly reduced cell viability and increased apoptosis-associated gene expression, suggesting potential use as adjunctive therapy for localized nonmelanoma skin cancers.

research Cell Cycle Regulation and Regeneration

27 citations , January 2012 in “Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology”

This study found similarities in the regeneration processes of MRL mouse ears and axolotl limbs, involving G2 cell cycle arrest and nerve-dependent mitosis, but the role of p21 in axolotl limb regeneration remains uncertain.

research p63 Regulates Human Keratinocyte Proliferation via MYC-regulated Gene Network and Differentiation Commitment through Cell Adhesion-related Gene Network

82 citations , December 2011 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry”

This study discovered that a network controlled by the gene p63 is crucial for keratinocyte differentiation and is linked to MYC through cell adhesion-related pathways.

research Gata6 promotes hair follicle progenitor cell renewal by genome maintenance during proliferation

29 citations , December 2016 in “The EMBO Journal”

This study found that the transcription factor Gata6 plays a crucial role in adult mouse hair follicle regeneration by promoting the renewal and preventing DNA damage of rapidly proliferating progenitor cells.

Arctiin Blocks Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Senescence and Cell Death Through MicroRNA Expression Changes in Human Dermal Papilla Cells

research Arctiin blocks hydrogen peroxide-induced senescence and cell death though microRNA expression changes in human dermal papilla cells

25 citations , September 2014 in “Biological Research”

This study found that arctiin, a compound from Arctium lappa, demonstrated protective effects against oxidative stress-induced dysfunction in human hair dermal papilla cells, suggesting potential therapeutic use for alopecia.

research FGF18 signaling determines radioresistance of telogen hair follicles by the arrest of hair cycling

September 2016 in “Journal of dermatological science”

This study suggests that FGF18 may enhance radioresistance in telogen hair follicles by inducing cell cycle arrest, potentially serving as a radioprotector against radiation-induced hair follicle damage.

research Novel insights into the pathways regulating the canine hair cycle and their deregulation in alopecia X

18 citations , October 2017 in “PLOS ONE”

This study found that in Pomeranians with Alopecia X, key genes in the Wnt and Shh signaling pathways and stem cell markers are downregulated, which may explain the absence of anagen hair follicles.

research Stem cell dynamics in the hair follicle niche

135 citations , December 2013 in “Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology”

This review examines the literature on the molecular and cellular makeup of the hair follicle niche and how it influences stem cell behavior during hair regeneration, but does not provide new experimental results.

research Beyond goosebumps: Does the arrector pili muscle have a role in hair loss?

31 citations , January 2014 in “International Journal of Trichology”

This review summarizes the anatomy and physiology of the arrector pili muscle and discusses its potential role in hair loss disorders, reporting no new clinical results.

research Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia in Rats by CDK Inhibitors

153 citations , January 2001 in “Science”

In a neonatal rat model, this study found that topical CDK2 inhibitors reduced chemotherapy-induced hair loss in 33 to 50% of the animals, suggesting a potential strategy for preventing alopecia in cancer patients.

research Vitamin D and androgen receptor-targeted therapy for triple-negative breast cancer

59 citations , April 2016 in “Breast Cancer Research and Treatment”

This study found that AR/VDR-targeted agonist hormone therapy can inhibit cell viability in HR2-av triple-negative breast cancer cell lines through multiple mechanisms and may enhance the effects of chemotherapy.

research Combinatorial Therapy of Letrozole- and Quercetin-Loaded Spanlastics for Enhanced Cytotoxicity against MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells

39 citations , August 2022 in “Pharmaceutics”

This study found that the combination of letrozole and quercetin loaded in spanlastics showed enhanced cytotoxicity and other anticancer effects against MCF-7 breast cancer cells compared to individual treatments.

research Cepharanthine Suppresses Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Replication Through the Downregulation of the PI3K/Akt and p38 MAPK Signaling Pathways

30 citations , December 2021 in “Frontiers in Microbiology”

In this study, researchers found that cepharanthine significantly inhibited HSV-1 replication in vitro by interfering with specific signaling pathways, arresting the cell cycle, and inducing apoptosis in infected cells, highlighting its potential as an antiviral agent.