7 citations
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December 2016 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” In this study, researchers found that patients with alopecia areata had a significant increase in NKG2D+CD4+ T cell levels in their blood compared to healthy controls.
This study indicates that CD4 protein may have a functional role in basal cell-like keratinocytes through TCR/CD3-independent signaling, affecting their proliferation, differentiation, and migration.
1 citations
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January 2015 in “Advanced techniques in biology & medicine” This study found that among patients with Down syndrome, those with alopecia areata may have increased antiperoxidase antibodies, possibly linked to hypothyroidism.
April 2021 in “HIV & AIDS Review” This study reported that GA 0.1% spray led to only slight improvement in treating anogenital warts among HIV-positive patients over twelve weeks.
10 citations
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January 1997 in “The journal of sex research/The Journal of sex research” In this study of HIV+ men with low CD4 and testosterone levels, testosterone replacement therapy significantly improved sexual interest, erectile functioning, and sexual satisfaction over an eight-week period.
12 citations
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June 2020 in “Lupus” This study found that treating a murine model of systemic lupus erythematosus with early and optimally dosed mesenchymal stem cells effectively suppressed disease severity.
October 2022 in “Journal of pharmaceutical negative results” This study found that patients with Alopecia areata in Iraq had significantly higher levels of CD4+, CD39+, and FOXP3+ Treg cells in their blood compared to healthy controls.
April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that miR-486 and miR-451 levels were reduced in alopecia areata-affected skin, and delivering their mimics to mice mitigated symptoms by reducing inflammation and immune activity.
January 2025 in “Plastic Surgery and Reconstructive Medicine” In this study, plasmatherapy was found to improve immune status indicators in patients with vitiligo, particularly benefiting those with segmental vitiligo by normalizing immune markers and reducing IL-6 levels, suggesting its potential as an adjunct treatment to slow depigmentation progression.
71 citations
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May 2019 in “Rheumatology” This study observed that PD-1+CXCR5-CD4+T peripheral helper cells are significantly elevated in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and are correlated with disease activity indicators, suggesting their potential role in lupus pathogenesis.
1 citations
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January 2025 in “Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems - B” This study developed and analyzed a mathematical model for alopecia areata involving interactions among immune cells and cytokines, establishing conditions under which hairless patches can become stable and pervasive, particularly with certain biological rate levels and chemotactic sensitivities.
39 citations
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May 2014 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” In this study, CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Regulatory T cells were found to reduce TGF-b1 induced lung fibrosis and fibrocyte accumulation in mice, partly by suppressing fibroblast growth factor 9.
April 2021 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that CD1a-restricted CD4+ T cells responsive to lysyl-phosphatidylglycerol were more frequent in the blood of atopic dermatitis patients, suggesting a potential role in the disease's Th2-mediated pathology.
1 citations
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October 2022 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This study suggests that allogenic human mesenchymal stem cell treatments have potential therapeutic effects by inducing immune tolerance and anti-inflammatory effects in severe alopecia areata patients.
33 citations
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June 2012 in “Journal of Crohn's and colitis” This review discusses the role of immune responses, especially Th1 cytokines, in alopecia areata pathogenesis and reports no new research findings.
3 citations
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January 2016 in “Journal of Clinical & Cellular Immunology” In this study, increased production of CXCL10 was associated with the infiltration of Th1 and Tc1 cells in acute alopecia areata, suggesting a possible new target for treatment.
September 2023 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Increased Treg cells and IL-10 may help quick recovery in acute diffuse and total alopecia.
September 2017 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This study suggests that the outer root sheath of human hair follicles may act as a "metabolic center," capable of synthesizing glucose from lactate, which supports glycogen metabolism.
3 citations
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April 2020 in “PubMed” This study found that DEB-BACE combined with systemic chemotherapy was more effective than chemotherapy alone for unresectable lung squamous cell carcinoma, reducing side effects and improving survival rates.
11 citations
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February 1990 in “PubMed” This study found that zinc treatment in alopecia areata patients may increase CD8+ cells, suggesting its effectiveness could be due to immunomodulation.
84 citations
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October 2007 in “The Journal of Immunology” This study found that chronic eczema supports the expansion of myeloid suppressor cells, which contribute to silencing autoreactive T cells and partially promote hair regrowth in alopecia areata.
23 citations
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January 2010 in “Journal of Medical Primatology” This study found that alopecia in captive Rhesus macaques may be linked to chronic hypersensitivity dermatitis with CD4+ cell inflammation, possibly influenced by altered housing and reduced pathogen exposure.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Monocyte-derived dendritic cells play a key role in UVB-induced skin sensitivity and inflammation.
June 2023 in “Research Square (Research Square)” This study identified shared gene expression changes and immune cell infiltration patterns that may contribute to hair loss in alopecia areata and cutaneous lupus erythematosus, but also highlighted factors that might preserve hair in psoriasis patients.
January 2023 in “Annals of dermatology/Annals of Dermatology” This study found that overexpression of miR-1246 in peripheral CD4+ T cells can reduce markers associated with inflammation and T cell activation in severe active alopecia areata, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits.
This study found that the loss of papillary fibroblasts in the skin due to UV radiation is mainly caused by an uncontrolled inflammatory response, with T cells helping fibroblast survival.
This study found that chronic UVR exposure in mice and humans leads to a permanent loss of papillary fibroblasts in the upper dermis, which is associated with changes in the extracellular matrix.
January 2014 in “SciDok (Saarland University and State Library)” This study demonstrated that in vitro pig ear models effectively predict human follicular uptake of nanoparticles for potential transfollicular vaccination, but massage did not enhance nanoparticle penetration.
2 citations
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January 2020 in “Enlighten: Theses (The University of Glasgow)” This study found that alopecia areata is associated with distinct systemic and tissue immune signatures, with macrophages implicated as contributors to hair loss, suggesting potential therapeutic targeting of macrophage activity.
November 2023 in “Medical Immunology (Russia)” In this study, researchers found that children with alopecia areata exhibited immune system imbalances, including increased autoimmune and allergic markers and decreased phagocytic activity, along with a higher prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis and allergic rhinitis compared to children without alopecia.