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This study suggests that human hair follicles may actively suppress natural killer cells, which contrasts with the observed defects in NK cell regulation in alopecia areata.

This review discusses the pathogenesis and challenges in treating primary cicatricial alopecia, highlighting the need to understand immune protection collapse in hair follicle stem cells; it reports no new clinical results.

This chapter reviews laboratory models used for studying alopecia therapies but provides no new experimental findings.

This article discusses a case of patchy alopecia areata that spares greying hairs but reports no new findings; it refers to existing literature for context.

This review discusses recent advances in understanding and treating alopecia areata, emphasizing the ongoing challenges and unmet needs in disease management; it reports no new clinical findings.

This study observed a rare case of alopecia areata with granulomatous inflammation, successfully treated with intralesional triamcinolone, leading to complete hair regrowth within two months, highlighting the need for careful diagnosis to distinguish it from other granulomatous alopecias.

Certain CD8+ T cells attack hair follicles in alopecia areata, suggesting they could be targeted for treatment.

This study reported that CXCL12 may have a dual role in alopecia areata, where decreased levels could impair angiogenesis and disrupt vascular support to hair follicles, while its overexpression might exacerbate autoimmune attacks on hair follicles, contributing to hair loss.

This research explored the pathogenesis of alopecia areata, finding that disrupted immune tolerance and gut microbiota are significant contributors, and highlighted the need for innovative treatments that restore immune tolerance and modulate gut microbiota to improve patient outcomes.

This study investigated the effects of exosomes from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on hair loss in mice with alopecia areata, emphasizing the potential of these easily isolated and stored exosomes for research and clinical treatment.

This review article discusses recent advances in stem cell-based therapies for Alopecia Areata, noting preliminary clinical trials show significant hair regrowth, but emphasizes the need for thorough evaluation of long-term safety and efficacy.

This study found that immune privilege is preserved in hair follicles of nonsegmental vitiligo patients compared to those with alopecia areata, potentially protecting follicular melanocytes from autoimmune attacks.

This review highlights that alopecia areata is influenced by genetic, autoimmune, and environmental factors, with emerging treatments like JAK-2 inhibitors showing promise for severe cases.

This review article examines recent studies on the role of diverse immune cells in forming an active niche for hair follicles, offering new insights into hair growth and related diseases.

This case report suggests that transplanted hair follicles may be more resistant to alopecia areata than native hair, potentially offering new insights into the condition's pathophysiology and treatment options.

This manuscript reviews the latest understanding of alopecia areata's pathogenesis, highlighting the roles of genetic, immunological, and environmental factors, with a focus on immune responses involving IFN-γ and cytotoxic CD8+ T-cells as key contributors to hair follicle inflammation and function disruption without follicle destruction.

This review discusses how modern lifestyle factors affecting gut health may contribute to Alopecia Areata in genetically predisposed individuals, reporting no new results but suggesting the need for long-term interventions.

In this review, researchers conclude that immune imbalance between regulatory and cytotoxic T cells, along with activation of IFN-γ–MHC and IL-15–NK pathways, disrupts hair follicle immune privilege, suggesting pivotal mechanisms in alopecia areata development and potential targets for immunotherapeutic interventions.

This study found that in mice, perforin-mediated cytolysis by CD8 T cells is not necessary for the autoimmune attack on hair follicles in alopecia areata, suggesting other mechanisms are responsible for disease progression.

Hair loss treatment caused more hair loss in a man.

This paper identifies challenges in diagnosing alopecia variants, emphasizing the importance of pathologists understanding hair follicle histology, biopsy types, and collaborating with dermatologists to improve diagnostic accuracy.

Alopecia Areata is an autoimmune condition causing hair loss with no cure and treatments that often don't work well.

This review discusses the potential influence of gut microbiota on alopecia areata and suggests fecal microbial transplantation as a possible therapeutic approach but reports no new results.

This study found a decreased number of follicular melanocytes in patients with alopecia areata, though it remains unclear if this decrease is due to autoimmune attack or rapid hair cycling.

This review discusses the discovery and potential therapeutic uses of proteasome inhibitors across various diseases, including cancer and autoimmune conditions, but does not present new clinical data.

This study provides an updated systematic review and meta-analysis showing that alopecia areata is associated with significantly higher odds of several autoimmune and metabolic comorbidities compared to healthy controls.

This article discusses autoimmune diseases, detailing their types, symptoms, and potential management strategies, without providing new clinical findings.

This article discusses various autoimmune diseases, including their symptoms and management, and reports no new clinical findings.

The paper concludes that the patchiness of alopecia areata is likely due to when the immune attack happens in the hair growth cycle.

This report describes two prepubertal children with autoimmune gastritis, highlighting the need to screen paediatric patients with organ-specific autoimmune diseases for co-existing conditions.