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Adult stem cells are important for tissue repair and have therapeutic potential, but more research is needed to fully use them.

Smad4 is important for healthy hair follicles because it helps produce a protein needed for hair to stick together and grow.

Baldness at age 40 is not linked to a higher risk of aggressive prostate cancer.

People with alopecia areata often have higher rates of allergies and autoimmune diseases.

Teens with PCOS and a mom with PCOS have higher insulin resistance and lower adiponectin levels, which could signal early metabolic problems.

The review found that different stem cell types in the skin are crucial for repair and could help treat skin diseases and cancer.

R-spondins and their receptors help increase bone growth and may be used to treat bone loss diseases.

Genetic variants linked to ten skin diseases were found, showing both immune and non-immune factors play a role.

Lysophosphatidic acid is important for skin health and disease, and could be a target for new skin disorder treatments.

Thyroid diseases may contribute to autoimmune skin diseases, and more research is needed on their relationship.

Some growth factors, while important for normal body functions, can cause diseases when not regulated properly.

Hormonal therapy is a treatment option for acne, the only medical treatment for hirsutism, and the most promising for androgenetic alopecia.

Some treatments like methotrexate with prednisone might help juvenile morphea, but more research is needed to confirm.

Blocking the FGF5 gene in sheep leads to more fine wool and active hair follicles due to changes in certain cell signaling pathways.

Coating surfaces with human hair keratin improves the growth and consistency of important stem cells for medical use.

Hair follicle culture helps develop new treatments for hair loss.

FPHL causes hair loss in women due to genetics and hormones; minoxidil and anti-androgens are treatments, and early intervention is advised.

A boy with chromosome 13q deletion syndrome developed eye cancer, a woman with breast cancer lost vision due to a rare side-effect of her treatment, a man's vision worsened after using a hair loss drug, and two rare disorders were discussed. Optical Coherence Tomography is useful for diagnosing and monitoring these conditions.

Understanding hair follicle biology and stem cell control could lead to new hair loss treatments.

Stem cell technologies and regenerative medicine, including platelet-rich plasma, show promise for hair restoration in treating hair loss, but more research is needed.

The protein CCN2 controls hair growth by affecting hair follicle formation and stem cell activity in mice.

Hair and nails are similar keratin structures with different shapes and growth, affected by the same diseases and environmental factors.

Mesenchymal stromal cells may help treat severe COVID-19, but more research is needed to confirm their effectiveness.

PRP shows promise for improving facial wrinkles, skin elasticity, and hair growth, but more research is needed to standardize its use and understand its effects.

Bleaching hair damages protein structure, especially keratin, leading to weakened hair.

Eye exams are crucial for kids with 13q deletion syndrome, tamoxifen can cause vision loss, Propecia may lead to cataracts, Lipoid Proteinosis causes skin bumps, and OCT is useful for diagnosing macular diseases.

Modified keratin binds better to hair, especially bleached hair.

The gel made of minoxidil and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin improves hair growth and is good for long-term use.

Pro-IGF-II improves muscle repair in old mice.

Hormones and genetics play key roles in male and female baldness, which can affect mental health and may be linked to other health issues.