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The researchers reviewed the status, challenges, and future prospects of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene-editing technology in livestock breeding, noting its benefits and highlighting concerns about low efficiency in inserting foreign genes and off-target effects.

This study used transcriptome analysis to explore the genetic mechanisms behind the development and seasonal variation of nuptial pads in R. chensinensis, identifying key genes and processes that suggest the pads' development involves complex regulatory pathways, particularly those related to cell cycle and hormone synthesis.

This study identified that a significant number of expressed sequence tags from Cashmere goat skin with anagen hair follicles were genes coding for keratin or keratin-associated proteins.

This study identified ectomesenchyme as a major source of epidermal stem cells in mouse skin, with ectomesenchymal keratinocytes occupying a significant portion of the epidermal stem cell-enriched population.

In this study, rat primary thymic epithelial cells demonstrated a clonogenic growth pattern in vitro and were able to integrate into functional thymus or differentiate into skin derivatives, similar to skin multipotent stem cells.

This study identifies gene-regulatory networks related to genetic variants in skin and hair diseases, suggesting that dermal papilla cells are crucial in androgenetic alopecia.

This study found that multipotent neural crest stem cells from hair follicles require a full set of reprogramming factors for induced pluripotent stem cell induction, similar to fibroblasts.

This study demonstrates the use of the CRISPR-Cas9 system to successfully edit the EDAR gene in Cashmere goats, resulting in goats with distinct hair follicle characteristics.

This study mapped copy number variations in Chinese fine-wool sheep, identifying regions linked to important traits like milk production and growth, and highlighting a strong selection signal at the RXFP2 gene.

Hair diameter diversity could improve androgenetic alopecia assessment and treatment planning.

This study used advanced single-cell RNA and chromatin sequencing to investigate differences in peripheral blood cells between mild and severe alopecia areata patients, uncovering shared transcription factor motifs that may explain disease severity and open avenues for future research on therapeutic targets.

In this study, researchers developed a model using iPS-derived cells to trace and evaluate hair follicle differentiation, which could aid in the development of hair growth treatments.

In this study, researchers identified that upon tissue injury in a mouse model, epidermal cells at the wound edge convert to an embryonic-like state with SOX11 and SOX4 playing a central role in modulating epidermal development and cell migration genes.

This study found that gene therapy using a mouse cytomegalovirus vector with telomerase reverse transcriptase or follistatin significantly extended lifespan and improved health markers in mice, without adverse effects.

Fibroblasts can be turned into melanocytes for potential skin treatments.

Slug (Snai2) helps regulate hair growth timing in mice.

This study found that the heat shock cognate protein Hsc70 was differentially expressed by dihydrotestosterone treatment in SV40-transformed dermal papilla cells, suggesting its involvement in androgen action on these cells.

In this study, researchers used transcriptomics and modeling to uncover previously unknown cell populations and marker genes in developing hair follicles, providing insights into early cell fate establishment and offering tools for further research on skin appendages.

This study found that tissue transcriptomics and a normalization approach can effectively cluster nine inflammatory skin diseases and identify specific biomarkers, including PTEN as a marker for cutaneous lupus erythematosus.

This study identified numerous size polymorphisms in the human ultrahigh sulfur KAP4 genes due to intragenic sequence variations, suggesting these polymorphisms may have arisen through deletions and duplications during evolution.

This study found that activating the erbB-2 oncogene in transgenic mice led to severe skin abnormalities and fatal defects, indicating erbB-2's significant role in skin and hair follicle development.

This study identified a genetic locus associated with idiopathic scoliosis in females, which might influence spinal gene expression and was previously linked to protection from early-onset alopecia.

This review discusses the diverse roles of the TRPS1 gene in regulating cartilage, kidney, and hair follicle development, highlighting its functions and interactions, but provides no new experimental results.

This review highlights the therapeutic potential of plant-derived exosomes, noting their larger size compared to animal-derived exosomes and usefulness in targeted drug delivery and inter-kingdom communication. It summarizes existing research on their biogenesis, characterization, and engineering for drug delivery, indicating significant opportunities for biotechnological advancements.

This study found that overexpression of Smad7 in transgenic mice led to severe alterations in multiple epithelial tissues, resulting in early death after birth.

This study found that the ablation of Esrp1 and Esrp2 disrupts epithelial tight junctions by affecting Arhgef11 isoform expressions, highlighting a potential mechanistic link between splicing alterations and epithelial barrier defects.

Keratin gene clusters in humans and marsupials are similarly organized.

This study in a transgenic mouse model found that repressing overexpression of ornithine decarboxylase reduced papilloma development, indicating its role in tumor promotion sensitivity.

This review synthesizes current advances in transcriptomics and RNA regulatory networks, alongside stem cell-derived skin organoid research, to propose a conceptual framework for understanding and potentially guiding regenerative skin repair, without claiming clinical readiness.

Human hair keratin genes hHa2 and hHb1 are located on chromosomes 17 and 12.