The Function of TRPS1 in the Development and Differentiation of Bone, Kidney, and Hair Follicles

The document reviewed the role of the TRPS1 gene, which was implicated in Tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome (TRPS), a skeletal disorder. TRPS1 encoded a GATA-type transcription factor with nine zinc-finger motifs, and various mutations in this gene were linked to TRPS types I and III. Studies using TRPS1Δgt and Trps1-deficient mice revealed that TRPS1 played significant roles in cartilage, kidneys, and hair follicles. In cartilage, it regulated chondrocyte differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. In kidney development, TRPS1 functioned downstream of BMP7, influencing nephron formation and preventing renal fibrosis by reducing Arkadia expression. In hair follicles, TRPS1 was expressed in dermal papillae and mesenchymal cells, with its absence significantly affecting hair follicle development. The review discussed the molecular mechanisms of TRPS1's functions in these tissues.