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This review discusses recent advancements in generating appendage-bearing skin organoids from pluripotent stem cells and their potential applications in dermatological research, but reports no new clinical results.

This study highlights that hair-bearing organoids derived from embryonic stem cells can effectively model androgenic alopecia conditions and test the efficacy of anti-hair loss treatments.

This review discusses recent advances in microfabrication and microfluidic technologies for improving the production of organoids and spheroids, but it reports no new experimental results.

This study found that using 3D dermal papilla spheroid models enhances extracellular matrix production and hair follicle marker expression, providing insights into hair follicle biology and potential for drug screening.

In this study, researchers developed an in vitro airway-organoid model using human lung-derived cell lines on RADA16-I hydrogels to serve as a potential tool for studying adenovirus isolation, pathogenesis, and antiviral drug screening.

This review discusses the potential of 3D cell cultures, particularly Patient-Derived Organoids, in advancing research on liposarcoma by addressing limitations of 2D cultures and animal models but reports no new experimental findings.

This study demonstrated that skin organoids derived from human stem cells can model cutaneous tuberculosis, revealing that fibrosis development in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected organoids is linked to the PI3K-AKT and AP1 pathways in fibroblasts, and suggesting the potential for antifibrotic treatment evaluation.

This review highlights how organoid technology is transforming precision medicine by summarizing its development and applications in modeling diseases, testing drug efficacy, and tailoring patient-specific treatments, despite current challenges in standardization and ethical considerations.

In this review, researchers summarize key factors in constructing skin organoids, including cell source and assembly methods, and emphasize advances such as air-liquid interface culture for improving tissue development, aiming to guide standardized protocols and future clinical applications.

This study explored the use of "microfollicles," a human hair follicle organoid model, as an in vitro tool for testing hair-growth substances, finding up to 75% overlap in gene expression changes with human clinical biopsy responses to minoxidil, indicating its potential for pre-clinical substance testing.

This review highlights the complexities of hair graying and the limitations of current models to fully replicate hair follicle pigmentary unit function, suggesting that technologies like organoids and bioprinting show promise but require further development for effective hair repigmentation interventions.

This review examines human-relevant in vitro models for studying pigmentation disorders, identifying both challenges and advancements in replicating human pigmentation processes and disease-specific pathology in vitro.

This review highlights that skin organoids, advanced three-dimensional models mimicking human skin, are emerging as effective alternatives to traditional culture models and human skin, overcoming limitations of two-dimensional systems and ethical concerns, and are being increasingly used in areas like developmental biology and disease modeling.

This study developed an in vitro system to analyze human skin progenitor cells' ability to form hair peg-like structures, providing insights for engineering hair follicle organoids.

This study provided an overview of skin organoids created from pluripotent stem cells, showcasing their potential in dermatologic research and future clinical applications, while noting challenges such as lengthy differentiation protocols that result in heterogeneous products.

This review highlights the complex interplay between intrinsic and extrinsic factors influencing skin aging, emphasizing the need for advanced human-specific models to study aging mechanisms and develop new therapies.

This review synthesizes current advances in transcriptomics and RNA regulatory networks, alongside stem cell-derived skin organoid research, to propose a conceptual framework for understanding and potentially guiding regenerative skin repair, without claiming clinical readiness.

This paper reviews advancements in 3D human skin models using bioprinting, organoid, and organ-on-a-chip technologies, noting improvements in physiological realism through vascularization and multi-omics data, but also highlighting challenges such as cost and lack of standardization that hinder clinical adoption.

This study used human stem cell-derived skin organoids to model EV-A71 infection, revealing that various skin cell types are susceptible to the virus and identifying a potential drug target and replication inhibitor, suggesting its utility for studying skin infectious diseases and drug screening.

In this study, researchers successfully derived skin organoids from mouse pluripotent stem cells that spontaneously produce hair follicles, potentially aiding in hair growth research and in vitro drug testing.

In this perspective, recent advances in regenerative medicine, including bioartificial substitutes and engineered in vitro platforms, are reviewed for their potential to restore human hair follicles, highlighting new technologies like 3D printing, hair-on-a-chip models, and stem cell-derived organoids.

Researchers created long-lasting, diverse skin organoids from mouse hair follicle stem cells, useful for studying skin.

This review highlights a disconnect between mechanistic insights and physiological relevance in preclinical models of hair loss disorders and suggests a shift toward more human-relevant systems could enhance translational research, despite limitations in existing models like transgenic mice and xenografts.

This review outlines the transition from simple hair follicle organoids to immune-competent microphysiological systems, addressing limitations in replicating native hair follicle immune features and discussing their applications in disease modeling and regenerative medicine.

In this study, cinnamic acid was found to enhance hair growth in human dermal papilla cells and hair follicle organoids by activating oxytocin signaling, suggesting its potential for developing hair growth-promoting products.

In this study by Sawada et al., the researchers developed a human striatal model using stem cells and postmortem samples, revealing accelerated neuronal maturation and specific gene expression changes linked to schizophrenia risk, which may inform future research on the disorder's developmental roots.

This study developed a new human in vitro hair model that replicates in vivo hair characteristics and may be suitable for high throughput screening of hair growth treatments.

This study reports the creation of rat liver stem cell lines that can differentiate into hepatocytes and suggests they might be useful for pharmacological and regenerative medicine applications.

This review discusses how the butterfly pea flower's phytochemicals, such as polyacylated anthocyanins, can improve hair-care product formulations by offering antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and pigmenting benefits, while also incorporating insights from hair-biology models and organoids to enhance understanding of its effects on hair follicle physiology.

This review discusses strategies for hair follicle regeneration using tissue engineering and reports no new clinical results; the authors highlight potential future directions for promoting hair neoformation.