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In this study, researchers found that in hairy guinea pig skin, minoxidil delivered via 40-nm nanoparticles had higher skin penetration than 130-nm nanoparticles, indicating nanoparticle size affects permeation.

This study developed lipid-core nanocapsules for encapsulating menthol, improving its solubility and thermal stability, and demonstrated their safety and rapid skin absorption in ex vivo tests, highlighting potential applications for cosmeceuticals.

This study found that nanovesicles derived from ReNcell VM cells promoted hair growth in mice by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, suggesting they may serve as an alternative to extracellular vesicles for hair growth therapy.

The microneedle arrays effectively promote wound healing and have potential for clinical use.

This study found that sodium valproate nanospanlastics could be an effective and safer method for treating androgenic alopecia, with results comparable to minoxidil but fewer side effects.

This review discusses the therapeutic potential and challenges of using extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells, concluding that they may have a comparable therapeutic potential to the original cells despite current challenges in their application and production.

This study observed that smaller polymeric submicron particles provided more efficient selective drug delivery to inflamed skin in a mouse model, enhancing therapeutic effects while reducing systemic adverse effects.

This study found that nanodiamonds of various sizes can penetrate different layers of murine skin in vitro, reaching hair follicle niches, and may be suitable for multimodal imaging applications.

This review discusses the role of nanocarrier systems, such as nanoemulsions and liposomes, in delivering antioxidants into the skin to counteract oxidative stress, highlighting recent advancements in topical antioxidant therapy through nanotechnology.

This study introduces a co-design framework using finite element analysis to optimize separable bubble microneedles, demonstrating enhanced transdermal and sublingual drug delivery in preclinical models. In vivo results showed faster hair regrowth and glucose lowering in animals, indicating potential improvements over traditional methods.

This review discusses various microneedle technologies for long-acting drug delivery, highlighting design considerations and challenges in bringing these minimally invasive devices to market, but it reports no new clinical results.

This review highlights recent advances in the design of nanocarrier systems for transdermal drug delivery, detailing their potential to improve treatment precision for dermatologic conditions despite challenges like formulation stability and scalability.

This study demonstrates that pH-responsive nanogels designed with comb-like anionic polymers significantly improved oral delivery of the chemotherapy drug camptothecin, enhancing drug stability in acidic conditions and release in the intestines, with increased cellular uptake and cytotoxic effects against colorectal carcinoma cells.

This study developed a nanostructured lipid carrier for 17-α-estradiol that showed stable physicochemical properties and improved targeting to hair follicles in alopecia treatment.

This review discusses the potential of nanotechnology in treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis by targeting abnormal alveolar epithelial cells and reports no new clinical results.

This study reports that optimal follicular penetration in nanocarrier-assisted drug delivery for skin diseases occurs with carrier sizes between 300 and 650 nm, while certain traditional medicine practices have shown effectiveness in treating skin conditions.

This study found that a newly created biomimetic microneedle platform effectively expedited wound repair in diabetic animal models by reducing inflammation, enhancing angiogenesis, and promoting skin regeneration through targeted drug delivery and immune response modification.

This study demonstrated that genetically engineered, ATP-responsive nanozymes effectively reduce cardiac fibrosis by targeting activated cardiac fibroblasts, resulting in decreased myofibroblast accumulation and improved cardiac function, suggesting that this approach has significant potential for therapeutic applications.

This review examines the potential of nanoparticles for localized drug delivery via hair follicles but reports no new clinical results, with the authors noting a lack of commercial development despite research progress.

This review discusses the use of microemulsions for transdermal drug delivery and emphasizes the importance of component selection for enhancing drug permeation and skin tolerance, without reporting new clinical results.

This study found that resveratrol-loaded polymeric nanoparticles show promise as a pulmonary drug delivery system for lung cancer, reducing resveratrol's IC50 significantly in Calu 3 cells.

This study found that ethosomal carriers enhanced dermal and transdermal drug delivery more effectively than classic liposomes, improving delivery to deep skin layers and showing potential for treating conditions like herpes labialis and diabetes.

This review outlines the development, applications, and challenges of microneedle-based drug delivery from 2000-2019, particularly highlighting fabrication techniques, but reports no new clinical results.

In this study, researchers developed vegan exosome-like vesicles from microalgae that mimic mammalian exosomes, demonstrating promising in vitro, ex vivo, and clinical effects such as improved wrinkle depth and elasticity, making them a potential alternative in cosmetic applications.

This study found that dissolving microneedles loaded with platinum nanozymes induced faster hair growth in an androgenetic alopecia model than daily minoxidil applications, with no significant safety concerns.

This study developed nanostructured lipid carriers for finasteride that demonstrated high encapsulation efficiency and reduced cytotoxicity, suggesting potential as a topical treatment for androgenetic alopecia.

This study found that finasteride delivered through dissolving microneedles enhanced skin drug permeation compared to films, suggesting potential for improved androgenetic alopecia treatment with fewer side effects.

This review summarizes recent progress in microneedle-based drug delivery systems and discusses their potential impact on cellular mechanisms and immunization signaling pathways, highlighting the need for further development in fabrication methods.

This guide explores the fundamental science and practical applications of nanocrystal technologies to enhance the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs, detailing synthesis methods, stability solutions, and drug delivery innovations like hydrogel composites and microneedle platforms.