February 2026 in “Toxicology Letters” This study used an in silico/in vitro approach to identify potential inhibitors of the enzyme SRD5A2, finding that the androgen receptor modulator MK-0773 is a moderate inhibitor, although it does not act as a covalent inhibitor like finasteride.
September 2022 in “Journal of pharmaceutical sciences” This study found that adding hydroxypropyl cellulose to minoxidil formulations significantly increased scalp retention and penetration compared to other formulations, potentially leading to reduced application frequency and improved efficacy.
26 citations
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May 1991 in “Clinical and experimental dermatology” In this study, oral etretinate resulted in increased hair length and loss of beading in a childhood monilethrix case, while the scalp's keratosis pilaris persisted.
13 citations
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January 1987 in “Dermatology” This study observed that the active metabolite minoxidil sulfate promotes vascular relaxation by enhancing potassium permeability, which may inform understanding of minoxidil's antihypertensive and hair growth effects.
January 2025 in “Reactions Weekly” November 2024 in “Reactions Weekly” May 2023 in “Reactions Weekly” 3 citations
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May 1994 in “Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics” This study found that minoxidil sulfate stimulates Cl channels, potentially depolarization-activated and outwardly rectifying, in eccrine clear cells, while minoxidil itself stimulates Ca-insensitive K currents.
48 citations
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June 1988 in “PubMed” In this study, minoxidil sulfate was found to relax norepinephrine-induced contractions in rabbit mesenteric arteries, possibly by acting as a K+ channel agonist, but it did not relax K+-induced contractions.
This study found that Dex-loaded hyaluronic acid hydrogel microneedles significantly reduced pain in an acute inflammatory visceral pain model without sedation, suggesting a promising and patient-friendly alternative to intravenous delivery.
June 2025 in “Indian Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry” In this study, researchers developed a precise and rapid method for simultaneously analyzing minoxidil and finasteride in local therapeutic formulations, ensuring that the excipients did not interfere, making it suitable for routine quality control.
February 1996 in “Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics” MK-386 reduces sebum DHT levels.
August 2024 in “International Journal of Biological Macromolecules” This study reported that newly developed minoxidil Pickering emulsion gels, designed using cellulose stabilizers, showed promising results for promoting hair regrowth and targeting hair follicles by enhancing the delivery and stabilization properties of the formulation in a hair loss treatment context.
11 citations
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December 2015 in “Indian journal of dermatology, venereology, and leprology” Dermoscopy quickly and accurately diagnosed a rare hair disorder in a 12-year-old girl.
January 2026 in “Drug Delivery and Translational Research” This study investigated the integration of crystal engineering and microneedle technology for androgenetic alopecia treatment, finding that microneedles loaded with newly developed Kopexil multicomponent crystals reduced drug diffusion rates in vitro compared to standard formulations.
19 citations
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September 1999 in “Talanta” New method measures minoxidil concentration faster, more accurately, and automatically.
January 2024 in “Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology” In this mouse study, researchers found that nanoparticles loaded with umbilical cord-derived stem cell membranes and minoxidil enhanced hair growth by improving drug solubility and transdermal delivery, increasing VEGF, IGF-1, MKI67, and CTNNB protein levels in skin tissue compared to regular minoxidil.
2 citations
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November 2022 in “Skin research and technology” This study found that the p.E402K mutation in the KRT86 gene is a hotspot in Chinese patients with monilethrix, and treatment with 5% topical minoxidil significantly improved hair density and quality.
April 2026 in “microPublication” In this study, researchers explored whether minoxidil, a common treatment for androgenetic alopecia, may have estrogenic activity and found preliminary evidence suggesting it could act as a partial agonist of Estrogen Receptor α (ERα).
2 citations
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December 2024 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” In animal studies, this research found that minoxidil-loaded air-pocket microneedles improved hair loss treatment efficiency compared to topical application, while effectively sealing punctured skin openings.
July 2016 in “Dermatologie pro praxi” This article discusses the use of Espumil foam base in pharmacies for preparing dermatological medications and reports no new clinical results.
6 citations
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June 1986 in “The Journal of Dermatology” This report discusses a case of reticular erythematous mucinosis syndrome, highlighting minimal mucin deposition and significant lymphocytic infiltration around the hair follicle, contributing to the ongoing debate about its nature as a mucinosis.
July 2026 in “Materials Today Bio” This study demonstrated that in a mouse melanoma wound model, the MQ Microneedles effectively managed ROS levels to inhibit tumor growth and promote wound healing through light-controlled release.
2 citations
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May 1979 in “PubMed” This report describes four cases of monilethrix in children and concludes that periodic inhibition of keratin synthesis, not a metabolic defect, may explain the hair abnormality.
November 2009 in “Eclética Química” In this study, a potentiometric titration method was developed for determining minoxidil, achieving recoveries of 97.4% to 98.7%, and it showed agreement with a chromatographic procedure at a 90% confidence level.
22 citations
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February 2008 in “Journal of Neurochemistry” This study found that minoxidil prevents long-term serotonergic toxicity induced by MDMA in rats, primarily by opening mitochondrial KATP channels and involving Akt and MAP kinases in its neuroprotective mechanism.
January 2026 in “Microchemical Journal” In this study, researchers developed an electrochemical method using gold nanostructures on a glassy carbon electrode to detect minoxidil levels in hair lotions, and found it effectively quantified minoxidil in commercial products, revealing discrepancies in their labeled versus actual concentrations.
6 citations
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March 2018 in “Journal of Chromatography A” This study describes an analytical technique combining field-enhanced sample stacking with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, offering improved sensitivity for detecting finasteride and its metabolite in urine samples from patients treated for androgenetic alopecia.
March 2024 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” This study found that minoxidil nanoparticles significantly increased hair growth in mice compared to commercial minoxidil and rosemary extract, demonstrating improved delivery and follicular uptake.
This report describes a 7-year-old girl with monilethrix who showed significant improvement while on acitretin treatment, but symptoms returned after stopping the medication.