January 2022 in “JPK Jurnal Proteksi Kesehatan” This study found that the ethanol extract of mangkokan leaf (Polyscias scutellarium) demonstrated antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with higher concentrations showing greater inhibition zones, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus.
December 2021 in “Asia-Pacific journal of pharmacotherapy & toxicology” This study reports that the ethyl acetate extract of Musa × paradisiaca L. leaves demonstrated in vitro anticancer and antioxidant activity, with concentration-dependent inhibition of HeLa and A375 cancer cell lines.
4 citations
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January 2018 in “Research journal of pharmacy and technology” This study found that Wera leaf extract, particularly its n-hexane fraction, significantly stimulated hair growth, suggesting its potential as an antialopecia treatment.
June 2025 in “Formosa Journal of Sustainable Research” In this study, the NADES extract of mangkokan leaves (Polyscias scutellaria) demonstrated antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with a total flavonoid content measured at 4.944 mgEQ/gSimplisia using the disc diffusion method.
1 citations
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January 2020 in “Research Square (Research Square)” This study found that ethyl acetate extract of Musa × pardisiaca L. leaves showed anticancer activity against cervical carcinoma and malignant melanoma in vitro.
5 citations
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May 2025 in “Scientific Reports” This study found that extracts from Indian gooseberry leaves showed strong antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum, with low cytotoxicity, suggesting potential for developing new antimalarial drugs.
June 2025 in “Pharmacon Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia” This systematic review found that mangkokan leaf formulations, especially ethosomal gel or phytosome lotion at 25% concentration, were most effective in stimulating hair growth and improving hair health through various biological mechanisms.
December 2025 in “Sustainable Chemistry One World” In this study, researchers found that mangosteen pericarp extract, combined with FeSO₄ as a mordant, effectively produced a stable reddish hair dye on bleached hair, with good color persistence and enhanced tensile strength, indicating its potential as an eco-friendly and safer alternative to synthetic dyes.
This study found that the ethanolic extract of Guazuma ulmifolia, or mutamba, showed only intermediate levels of phenolic compounds and low antioxidant activity in laboratory tests, suggesting limited potential in alleviating oxidative stress conditions like cancer or cardiovascular diseases.
July 2026 in “Journal of Ethnopharmacology” This study found that fermented Morinda citrifolia extract enhances the viability and cycle progression of human dermal papilla cells and promotes hair growth through Wnt/β-catenin signaling activation, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic candidate for alopecia.
1 citations
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April 2022 in “Applied sciences” This study reports the development of a microemulsion using Momordica charantia extract, which demonstrated strong antioxidant and 5α-reductase inhibitory activity, potentially aiding hair loss management. The microemulsion was stable over 12 weeks, suggesting its future potential for cosmetic or pharmacological applications.
1 citations
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January 2022 in “Journal of Oleo Science” This study found that an aqueous extract of Phyllanthus emblica, primarily containing gallic acid, can activate hair growth gene expression and is effectively delivered to hair follicles using transfersomes.
June 2025 in “Mutiara Jurnal Penelitian dan Karya Ilmiah” This study observed that using moringa leaf extract in hair tonic reduced hair loss among the sampled students, with the average hair loss decreasing from 118.75 strands to 79.25 strands per day.
July 2026 in “Functional Foods in Health and Disease” In this study, oral administration of strawberry guava extract promoted hair growth in both mice and humans, with active components like adenosine, fructose, digalactosyldiacylglycerol, and pedunculagin contributing by enhancing skin blood flow and activating dermal papilla cells.
15 citations
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May 2020 in “BMC complementary medicine and therapies” This study found that Polygonum multiflorum extract may promote hair growth by increasing anagen duration and activating dermal papilla cells in human hair follicles, as observed in cultured cell models.
5 citations
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February 2020 in “European Food Research and Technology” This study provides a detailed profile of bioactive polyphenols in various parts of the baobab fruit, highlighting its potential as a health-promoting food or supplement.
September 2025 in “International Journal of Environmental Sciences” This study explored the stem of Moullava spicata and found it to be rich in secondary metabolites and natural antioxidants, showing significant concentration-dependent antioxidant activity, which supports its ethnomedicinal use and provides a basis for further pharmacological research.
11 citations
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March 2023 in “Marine Drugs” In this study, researchers isolated five new compounds from Monascus purpureus wmd2424 and found that four exhibited mild antifungal activity against several fungi.
May 2020 in “Research, Society and Development” This study suggests that mutamba fruit, regardless of maturation stage, could be valuable in the food industry due to its high soluble solids, vitamin C, and mineral content.
6 citations
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October 2023 in “Pharmaceuticals” This study found that the extract of Eclipta prostrata L. demonstrated high antioxidant and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities, moderate inhibition of enzymes linked to diabetes, and favorable ADMET properties, suggesting potential cognitive and diabetes management benefits.
June 2024 in “JURNAL BIOLOGI TROPIS” In this systematic literature review, researchers reported that Moringa oleifera Lamk. leaf extract may serve as a potential anti-acne agent, demonstrated by its ability to inhibit the growth of acne-causing bacteria in laboratory settings.
March 2023 in “Journal of pharmacognosy and phytochemistry” This study identified numerous nutraceutical components in unripe fruits of three Musa species, potentially valuable for developing pharmaceuticals that promote human health.
1 citations
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October 2021 in “Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products” This study found that methanolic extract of Ficus carica leaves induced apoptosis and inhibited proliferation in B16F10 melanoma cells, suggesting potential anti-cancer properties for further investigation in melanoma.
September 2025 in “Journal of King Saud University - Science” This study found that Lophocereus marginatus extracts significantly inhibited melanoma cell growth in vitro and stimulated hair growth in mice, with combined treatments of LM with minoxidil or bergamot showing notable effects by day 14 without altering body weight.
2 citations
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November 2019 in “Jurnal Penelitian Perawat Profesional” This literature review concludes that mulberry, with its rich anthocyanin, phenolic, and antioxidant content, may serve as an effective adjuvant therapy for preventing and managing obesity by reducing body fat levels.
24 citations
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March 2018 in “Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” This study found that unripe and ripe Musa sapientum fruit extracts may exhibit hypoglycemic effects by inhibiting α-amylase activity, reducing glucose diffusion, and promoting glucose uptake in yeast cells.
35 citations
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December 2006 in “Journal of medicinal food” This study found that topical application of Morinda pubescens fruit extract significantly accelerated wound healing and hair regrowth in rats compared to controls, with complete wound contraction and new hair growth observed in treated animals.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that Anigozanthos Flavidus flower extract may improve skin elasticity and reduce wrinkles by increasing essential extracellular matrix proteins in both in vitro and in vivo settings.
3 citations
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July 2020 in “International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics” This study evaluated shampoo formulations containing banana corm extract and found that they possess favorable physical and stability characteristics, suggesting potential as a natural haircare product.
4 citations
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December 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This study found that extracts from Hom Thong banana peels, rich in phenolic compounds, may inhibit melanin production in human and mouse melanoma cells, showing potential as anti-melanogenic agents comparable to standard treatments like arbutin and kojic acid.