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This study concluded that cytokines and growth factors significantly regulate hair growth in vitro, with some completely inhibiting growth, such as EGF and TNFα.

This study found that interleukin-1 directly induces the expression of keratin 6 in keratinocytes, which is a marker of activation and involved in inflammatory skin responses.

In this study, oral administration of Lactococcus lactis strain H61 to senescence-accelerated mice was linked to reduced bone density loss, less skin ulcer incidence, and reduced hair loss, along with altered immune responses.

In this study, AS101 combined with chemotherapy significantly reduced the severity of chemotherapy-induced alopecia in non-small-cell-lung-cancer patients and may involve immune mechanisms related to IL-1 and PGE2.

This review explores animal models of alopecia areata, particularly focusing on the insights they've provided into the disease's immune mechanisms and potential treatment approaches, without reporting new experimental data.

This study found that administering melatonin for 12 weeks to women with PCOS significantly reduced hirsutism, testosterone, and inflammation markers, while enhancing antioxidant levels compared to a placebo.

This study highlights the evolving understanding of acne's pathophysiology and suggests that targeting pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-17, IL-23, and TNFα with biological antibodies may offer new treatment strategies for severe acne and its scars.

This review summarizes 15 years of clinical and experimental research advancements in hidradenitis suppurativa, highlighting its recognition as a uniquely healable inflammatory skin disease but reports no new clinical results.

This article reviews the role of IL-17 in inflammatory skin disorders and highlights its potential therapeutic targeting in both neutrophilic and lymphocyte-mediated conditions, reporting no new experimental results.

This study observed that PD-1+CXCR5-CD4+T peripheral helper cells are significantly elevated in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and are correlated with disease activity indicators, suggesting their potential role in lupus pathogenesis.

This review discusses the chronic nature of acne and its association with various systemic diseases, but reports no new clinical findings, highlighting the need for further study on its nutritional or genetic links.

This study identified a subtype of itch-sensing neurons in mice, which express Ret and somatostatin, and found that their ablation reduces scratching induced by certain pruritogens.

This study found sebaceous gland atrophy and altered gene expression in psoriatic skin lesions, which may relate to the observed hair loss in these areas.

This study found that CD45RO+ cells, a subtype of T lymphocytes, were notably reduced in the ovarian follicles of women with PCOS, which may contribute to the condition's pathogenesis.

This article reviews the role of perifollicular regulatory T cells in maintaining hair follicle integrity in the context of hidradenitis suppurativa and calls attention to inflammatory mechanisms without reporting new clinical results.

This review discusses recent advances in how proinflammatory cytokines affect epidermal stem cell function during skin wound healing and introduces potential therapies targeting these cells and cytokines.

This study found that both Th1 and Th2 immune responses, along with IL-23 and IL-32 cytokine pathways, are active in alopecia areata lesions, and corticosteroid injections significantly altered these immune markers.

This review discusses the mechanisms of keratin 17 regulation in diseases such as psoriasis and cancers but presents no new experimental findings, calling for further exploration of anti-K17 therapies.

This study found that patients with alopecia areata had higher levels of Th17 cells and lower levels of regulatory T cells compared to healthy controls, suggesting an immune imbalance in these patients.

This study found that disrupting inflammasome signaling by eliminating caspase-1 and -11 in mice reduced skin inflammation and delayed the onset of disease, highlighting their role in skin disease pathogenesis.

Alopecia areata severity is linked to increased TH1 and TH2 activity.

This study found that type 2 immunity may play a role in the development of alopecia areata in patients with extrinsic atopic dermatitis, indicating different immunological states compared to non-atopic patients.

This background review discusses alopecia areata, highlighting the role of CD8+NKG2D+ T cells in hair follicle pathogenesis, and notes that the exact mechanisms causing hair loss remain unclear.

This study found that imiquimod combined with fish oil in a bigel formulation enhanced antitumor effects and reduced inflammatory side effects in a skin cancer model.

This study found that 17β-estradiol inhibited RANTES production in human keratinocytes by suppressing nuclear factor κB activity, suggesting a potential mechanism for 17β-estradiol's modulation of psoriasis-related inflammation.

In this study, researchers found that certain cytokines can significantly down-regulate PDGF expression in dermal papilla cells and follicular keratinocytes, indicating a potential link between PDGF signaling and catagen induction.

This research explores developing liposomal formulations to enhance the delivery of difficult-to-absorb agents directly to hair follicles and sebaceous glands, with minoxidil and plasmid DNA as study molecules.

In this mouse study, the researchers found that the monoclonal antibody ME1 causes hair follicle inflammation by up-regulating TNFα, which can be reduced by TNFα and interleukin-1 inhibitors.

This study found that human mesenchymal stromal cells derived from hair follicle dermal sheath showed promising growth and wound-healing properties in vitro and in diabetic mice, suggesting potential for therapeutic use.

This review discusses the regulatory roles of type 2 alarmin cytokines in skin immunity, focusing on their implications in host defense, chronic inflammation, and cancer, but reports no new clinical results.