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This paper reviews the development of transdermal drug delivery systems for skin diseases, from first to fourth generation, and highlights ongoing challenges and the importance of clinical trials, but provides no new clinical results.

This review article summarizes recent advancements in biomimetic scaffolds, highlighting their promise in tissue engineering and personalized medicine, particularly for skin and musculoskeletal system regeneration, while emphasizing the need for more extensive research to ensure their safety for human use.

This review summarizes recent research on microneedles for alopecia treatment and hair regrowth, noting their potential to improve drug delivery and patient outcomes, but reports no new clinical results.

This review highlights cellulose-based materials' potential in skin disease treatments, emphasizing their smart, responsive design for various conditions, with insights into their roles in wound healing, infection prevention, and wearable monitoring.

This study found that a biocomposite microneedle system, which includes selenium nanozyme and hypoxic extracellular vesicles, enhanced hair density and follicle diameter in androgenetic alopecia mice by fighting inflammation, promoting blood vessel growth, reducing reactive oxygen species, and counteracting androgen effects.

This study reported that in animal studies of androgenetic alopecia, a biodegradable microneedle patch releasing glutamic acid promoted hair regeneration more effectively than daily minoxidil, with higher hair follicle counts and less frequent dosing, showing the potential for clinical application.

This review discusses the potential of asiaticoside from Centella asiatica for enhancing wound healing after endoscopic submucosal dissection and highlights delivery strategies to improve its gastrointestinal application; it reports no new clinical results.

This study found that exosomes derived from platelet-rich plasma show preclinical promise for wound healing but lack sufficient data for other dermatological uses like hair growth and skin rejuvenation.

Zebrafish skin regeneration relies on cell behaviors and reactive oxygen species, with antioxidants reducing and hydrogen peroxide increasing regeneration.

In this rat study, subcutaneous injections of hydrogen peroxide and cumene hydroperoxide appeared to completely prevent chemotherapy-induced hair loss by inducing cell cycle arrest, suggesting a novel approach to help cancer patients maintain their quality of life during treatment.

This review summarizes current melasma treatments, emphasizing the need for tailored, long-term management strategies that integrate photoprotection and address various pathogenic mechanisms.

This study found that a microneedle patch integrating curcumin-loaded vesicles and a stem cell-derived matrix showed promise in reducing hypertrophic scars and promoting hair follicle formation in a rabbit model.

In this study, keratin hydrogels derived from human hair were found to significantly enhance nerve regeneration in a mouse model, acting effectively as scaffolds by influencing Schwann cell behavior.

This study explored the use of dexamethasone-loaded polymer hybrid nanoparticles in a xanthan gum hydrogel for treating alopecia areata, finding that freeze drying with sucrose influenced particle size, release, and permeation, but had no impact on cytotoxicity or anti-inflammatory efficacy in human keratinocytes.

This review highlights that nano-antioxidants show promise as a treatment strategy for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, like autoimmune and chronic inflammatory conditions, due to their improved stability and targeted delivery, but notes that further research is necessary to optimize their use and assess long-term safety.

This study developed a novel mineralization strategy using metal-polyphenol coordination for dynamic control of nano-scale processes, enhancing hydrogels that support wound healing with antibacterial and angiogenesis-promoting properties.

This study reported that CCT oligodeoxynucleotide induced patchy hair loss in male mice with specific genetic traits, suggesting gender and genetic preferences in immune response.

This study found that a ceria nanozyme-integrated microneedles patch accelerated hair regeneration in an androgenetic alopecia mouse model more effectively than minoxidil, with reduced application frequency and minimal skin damage.

This study describes vitiligo as an autoimmune disease marked by depigmented skin and mucosal patches, and reviews its complex pathogenesis and diagnostic features. Treatment aims for disease control and repigmentation through various topical and systemic therapies, phototherapy, and surgical options, emphasizing personalized, multimodal approaches.

In this study, researchers developed a wearable red and blue LED patch and a sprayable fibrin gel to treat infected wounds at home, demonstrating effective infection control and enhanced wound healing in diabetic mice and minipigs.

This study highlights the potential of nanofibers in cosmeceuticals, reporting that nanofiber facial masks outperform regular masks in cleansing, and notes their exploratory use in anti-acne patches for enhanced acne management.

This study developed multifunctional microneedle patches with CTB nanozymes that successfully eradicated MRSA infections in wounds by combining near-infrared laser-induced nitric oxide release and local hyperthermia, while also regulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and angiogenesis through specific signaling pathways.

This review highlights the use of microneedling devices and patches to deliver cosmetic agents through the skin, noting their applications in skin rejuvenation and safety considerations such as potential skin irritation and infection.

In this study, researchers explored the use of new biobased compounds and gels as potential treatments for skin cancer, finding that these biological materials may be significant in limiting and eliminating skin tumors alone or when combined with other methods.

This review explores the use of skin penetration enhancers like Transcutol® in various formulation systems, discussing their mechanisms and effectiveness in improving transdermal drug delivery without breaching the skin.

The microneedle arrays effectively promote wound healing and have potential for clinical use.

A woman developed a scalp condition from using minoxidil, which improved with a different treatment but left scarring.

In this study, researchers developed a polyphenol–amino acid nanozyme capable of controlled hydrogen peroxide delivery, which effectively activated hair follicles via oxidative stress in a mouse model, suggesting a potential non-pharmacological treatment for alopecia.

This review highlights the potential of self-powered nanogenerators in revolutionizing biomedical devices by using biomechanical or environmental energy, focusing on applications like regenerative hair growth, drug release patches, and electronic skin while evaluating challenges such as energy efficiency and biocompatibility.

This study highlights the importance of recognizing oral lesions in diagnosing syphilis, as illustrated by three reported cases.