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Insulin-sensitizing drugs like metformin can help with ovulation, weight loss, and lower testosterone in some women with PCOS.

Testosterone therapy may slightly improve sexual function in postmenopausal women, but its long-term safety is unknown.

The study concluded that both anti-Mullerian hormone and LH/FSH ratio are higher in women with PCOS and combining these markers with BMI could improve diagnosis accuracy.

Continuous light exposure in rats leads to PCOS-like symptoms and suggests sleep habits might affect the disorder's development.

Diagnosing PCOS in teenagers is hard because its symptoms often look like normal puberty, and there's a need for better diagnosis methods and agreement on criteria.

Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.

Gonadal hormones significantly affect the severity of alopecia areata in mice.

Certain genetic variations are linked to increased androgen levels in PCOS, but more research is needed to understand these connections fully.

Higher androstenedione levels in women with PCOS are linked to more severe symptoms.

Cognitive behavioral strategies help women with PCOS make lifestyle changes to improve their health.

Activin activation in skin cells speeds up wound healing without affecting scar quality.

The document concludes that using LC-MS/MS for measuring androgens is more accurate than older methods, but it needs careful validation and standardized references to be most effective.

PCOS is a complex disorder managed by treating symptoms and requires a team of specialists.

The document says that understanding the causes of PCOS is important for treatment, especially in distinguishing the syndrome from just having cystic ovaries, and that losing weight is key for obese women with PCOS.

NcoA4 may have roles beyond helping control gene activity, possibly affecting cell behavior and stability.

Diagnosing PCOS in teenagers should focus on signs of excess male hormones and not rely solely on ovarian ultrasound or irregular periods, and should be reassessed in adulthood.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome can cause hair loss and skin issues, and early treatment is important for preventing complications.

Mobile phone radiation may cause DNA damage in human ear hair follicle cells.

PCOS may start before birth, involves metabolic issues, and can be treated with drugs like metformin and lifestyle changes.

Researchers found potential urine markers for polycystic ovary syndrome, including testosterone-glucuronide and 11α-hydroxyprogesterone, which may help diagnose the condition.

Steroid sulfatase is important for activating hormones that affect memory, brain function, and certain diseases, and could be a target for treating hormone-related disorders.

The conclusion suggests that PCOS may persist due to genetic traits that, while harmful for female fertility, could have provided survival and reproductive benefits to males.

Amenorrhea, or the absence of periods, should be evaluated by age 15 or within five years of early breast development, and is most commonly caused by conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic amenorrhea.

The conclusion is that removing both ovaries is the best treatment for excess male hormones in postmenopausal women, with medication as another option, and managing insulin resistance is important for diagnosis and treatment.

Women with PCOS have higher 5α-reductase activity, which may be linked to insulin resistance.

Topical eye β-blockers may cause hair loss.

Aldactone was more effective in reducing hair growth in women with hirsutism than Diane, despite having less impact on hormone levels.

Avicequinone C, a compound found in the Avicennia marina plant, can reduce hair loss by inhibiting a hormone linked to androgenic alopecia.

Lifestyle changes are the first step in treating infertility in PCOS, followed by medications like clomiphene and metformin, and then surgery if needed.

Electro-acupuncture may help treat PCOS in rats by changing brain DNA methylation.