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Microglia, the brain's immune cells, may contribute to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) by altering the female brain's structure and function, with kisspeptin neurons and GABA neurotransmitters also playing a role.

Women with PCOS have higher levels of certain hormones compared to healthy women, and these levels vary with BMI, age, and treatment type.

Male and female bodies respond differently to stress, influenced by hormones and development stages, with implications for stress-related diseases.

Women with type 1 diabetes often have polycystic ovary syndrome and excess male hormones, which are frequently undiagnosed.

High levels of male hormones are very common in women with PCOS and affect their metabolism differently depending on their weight.

Eating a high inositol diet significantly improves insulin resistance and hormone levels in women with PCOS.

About 2.2% of women with symptoms of high male hormones have a mild form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and measuring a specific hormone level can accurately diagnose it.

Certain gene variations in AKT2 are more common in women with PCOS and are linked to higher levels of specific hormones and symptoms.

Metformin improves menstrual cycles and hormone levels in women with PCOS, mostly within the first 6 months.

Male and female skin differ due to hormones, affecting conditions like hair loss, acne, and skin cancer, and suggesting a need for gender-specific treatments.

Male hormones, particularly DHT, are linked to male pattern hair loss, and treatments like finasteride can help, but they don't work for postmenopausal women's hair loss, which may have different causes.

Women generally handle heart enlargement better than men, but it's riskier for them if it occurs; hormones like estrogen offer some protection.

COVID-19 may harm male fertility and damage the reproductive system.

Balanced hormones are crucial for women's health, and can be managed with lifestyle changes or hormone therapy if needed.

The effects of estrogen on human scalp hair growth are unclear and need more research.

Alitretinoin may cause irreversible hair curling as a side effect.

Women with a certain type of tumor had higher levels of pregnancy hormone and male hormones, which decreased after treatment.

Melasma is a skin condition linked to female hormones, genetics, UV exposure, and certain medications, but not to pituitary, adrenal, or thyroid diseases.

COVID-19 might affect male fertility, but more research is needed to understand the full impact.

Androgens like testosterone are important hormones for both men and women, made differently in each sex and affecting the body by regulating genes and quick interactions with cell components.

Early hormones shape sex-specific differences in rat glands.

Benign ovarian tumors can cause excess male hormones and related conditions in postmenopausal women.

Reproductive hormones play a crucial role in breast cancer development and treatment challenges.

Most skin changes during pregnancy are harmless and moles don't significantly change, but many women experience pigmentation changes due to hormones and sun exposure.

The NAMS 2014 recommendations guide healthcare providers on treating health issues in midlife women, emphasizing individualized care and informed decision-making.

The document concludes that sex hormones and related compounds have various effects on health, with both potential benefits and risks.

High aldosterone and free testosterone levels link to female hair loss; testing aldosterone may predict hypertension risk.

Wait 3 months after COVID-19 before trying assisted reproduction and further research is needed on COVID-19's effects on male hormones and fertility.

High testosterone levels in 20% of the women studied may indicate PCOS, while 80% had low levels with potential health impacts.

The conclusion is that removing both ovaries is the best treatment for excess male hormones in postmenopausal women, with medication as another option, and managing insulin resistance is important for diagnosis and treatment.