6 citations
,
January 2020 in “Methods in molecular biology” This study outlines a method for isolating dermal papilla cells from human hair follicles, which may help overcome challenges in studying their role in hair growth.
5 citations
,
July 1999 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” The researchers reported that applying proteolytic enzymes to mice skin negatively affected hair follicles, leading to degeneration and potential impairment of stem cells from the bulge area.
3 citations
,
April 2015 in “Current problems in dermatology” This study focuses on improving the detection and characterization of an enzyme in guinea pig hair follicles that converts arginine to citrulline, highlighting challenges with assay sensitivity and reproducibility.
2 citations
,
July 1999 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” In this study, proteolytic enzymes applied to mice skin caused severe degeneration in hair follicles, including detachment of stem cells from their niche, suggesting potential impairment of stem cell function.
May 2026 in “Bioactive Materials” This study reported that in degenerative alopecia, Zn²⁺/Cu²⁺-dependent proteases are downregulated and destabilized, and a specially developed microneedle patch reactivated these enzymes, reduced senescence, and enhanced hair regeneration in an animal model.
November 2024 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy” A new method improves the isolation of hair follicle cells for better hair growth research.
September 2017 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” In this study, the reconstructed skin epidermal model derived from hair follicles showed gene expression and enzyme functionality consistent with native human skin, suggesting its viability for studying skin metabolism and potential toxicity of dermo-cosmetic ingredients.
9 citations
,
August 2019 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Minoxidil activation by hair enzymes predicts treatment success for female hair loss.
151 citations
,
August 2011 in “The EMBO Journal” The enzyme PA-PLA1α is important for proper hair follicle development.
September 2025 in “Science Advances” This study reports that PADI4, an enzyme involved in posttranslational protein modifications, regulates progenitor cell transitions in hair follicle development by repressing transcription and interacting with translational and ribosomal processes.
82 citations
,
November 1959 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” This article reviews recent findings on enzymes and proteins in hair follicles and reports no new experimental results.
1 citations
,
October 2022 in “Iet Nanobiotechnology” This study explored a new dutasteride nanocarrier for alopecia therapy, concluding that ingredient concentration is key to achieving the optimal particle size, stability, and skin permeation for extended drug release.
This study found that new methods for isolating human dermal papilla cells were more efficient than traditional methods, maintaining higher levels of specific markers and improving the cells' research potential.
August 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that stimulating olfactory receptor OR2AT4 in human hair follicles with Sandalore® may slow catagen development and reduce keratinocyte apoptosis, suggesting potential implications for hair growth management.
66 citations
,
January 1987 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that enzyme activity critical to cancer induction by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in human hair follicles increased after using a crude coal tar-containing shampoo for four days and was substantially inhibited by imidazole compounds.
56 citations
,
December 2010 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This study suggests that the susceptibility of hair follicle melanocytes to oxidative stress as they age may be key in the graying of hair due to reduced catalase expression and activity.
25 citations
,
March 2017 in “Experimental Dermatology” This review discusses various aspects of hair follicle biology and highlights unresolved questions and potential new research avenues, but presents no new experimental findings.
21 citations
,
May 2018 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” This study found that costunolide promotes hair growth in both lab-cultured human hair follicle cells and in live mice by modulating growth factor pathways.
November 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Minoxidil rejuvenates hair follicles and reduces aging signs in male pattern baldness.
115 citations
,
September 2012 in “Experimental Dermatology” This article reviews the molecular mechanisms involved in androgenetic alopecia and the androgen's paradoxical role in hair growth, but reports no new experimental findings.
115 citations
,
August 2008 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” In this study, T3 and T4 were found to directly influence human hair follicles in vitro, enhancing keratinocyte proliferation, prolonging the hair growth phase, and affecting pigmentation.
71 citations
,
June 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study demonstrates that PAD1 and PAD3 are involved in hair follicle differentiation, while PAD1 and PAD2 may play a role in the physiology of sweat glands and arrector pili muscles.
46 citations
,
February 1983 in “The Journal of Dermatology” This study observed that hair regrowth in mice was irregular and delayed more in older mice, with increased enzyme activities in hair re-growing areas compared to non-growing areas.
16 citations
,
April 2021 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” This review discusses human hair follicle development and highlights the potential of creating human in vitro models and skin substitutes with hair follicles, reporting no new clinical results.
13 citations
,
January 2007 in “International journal of pharmaceutics” This study found that a papain-containing cream had a significantly greater depilatory effect and altered skin morphology more than a papain-containing gel when applied to mice.
13 citations
,
December 1983 in “Canadian journal of zoology” This study found that mesenchymal cell processes from the dermal papilla contact epithelial hair matrix cells through gaps in the basal lamina during hair matrix cell differentiation in mouse vibrissa follicles.
8 citations
,
January 2021 in “Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine” ATP and IL-10 levels in hair follicles relate to follicle length and hair growth, with differences in alopecia patients.
8 citations
,
September 1987 in “Acta Dermato Venereologica” In this study, the researchers used structural studies and molecular calculations to suggest that the enzyme in RXLI patient hair follicles is less efficient, rather than completely inactive.
1 citations
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August 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This research reported that STAT5 activation in the dermal papilla plays a crucial role in triggering anagen entry during post-developmental hair follicle cycling.
April 2021 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study suggests that edelweiss extract may promote hair growth and reduce shedding in ex vivo experiments by affecting hair follicle anagen phase duration and keratinocyte proliferation.