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The document concludes that the 5 alpha-reductase enzymes are important in steroid metabolism and related to various human diseases, with inhibitors used to treat conditions like male pattern baldness and prostate issues.

Vitamin D and its receptor regulate skin functions like cell growth, immunity, hair cycle, and tumor prevention.

Fat-derived stem cells show promise for skin repair and reducing aging signs but need more research for consistent results.

Oxidative stress contributes to hair graying and loss as we age.

Methotrexate is a key, cost-effective drug for skin conditions, but requires careful monitoring for side effects.

Finasteride treatment changes brain steroid levels and receptors, affecting brain function even after stopping treatment.

Human placenta hydrogel helps restore cells needed for hair growth.

Systemic diseases can cause hair loss, which is often reversible with treatment.

The document concludes that measuring γ-glutamyl transpeptidase activity is more accurate with a higher substrate concentration and using diluted acetic acid to stop the reaction.

A new plant extract from Avicennia marina could potentially be used to treat common hair loss.

Vitamin D boosts a specific gene activity in kidney cells that could improve heart and kidney function.

Adding stem cells to fat grafts for facial rejuvenation might improve outcomes, but more research is needed to confirm safety and effectiveness.

The conclusion is that young women with excessive hair growth should be quickly tested for hormonal issues and treated to improve their social well-being.

A boy with toxic shock syndrome had severe heart rhythm problems but recovered with treatment.

Women with nonclassic 21-hydroxylase deficiency can have successful pregnancies through IVF, with certain factors affecting their chances.

Researchers developed a new method to quickly prepare skin cells that improve wound healing in rats.

Genetic defects in testosterone production can cause hormonal and developmental disorders, and more research is needed to understand androgen regulation and develop safer treatments.

Zinc is essential for many body functions and imbalances can lead to health problems.

Testosterone reduces heart damage and inflammation after injury.

Finasteride safely treats enlarged prostate and male-pattern baldness.

Skin may help in getting rid of excess iron through the process of skin cell renewal.

The study found that tight junctions reach the top layer of the skin's stratum granulosum, not just the second top layer as previously thought.

Frog skin cells need the protein desmoplakin for proper development and cell layer formation.

The demineralized bone matrix scaffold is better for cell attachment than the mineralized bone allograft.

Sodium metasilicate improved spinal motoneuron recovery after sciatic nerve injury in rats.

Certain sugars increase in some layers of the hair follicle during the middle of the healing process in rats, which may help improve healing.

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a prohormone important for producing sex steroids and has potential health benefits.

Prostate cancer cells can make their own androgens to activate the androgen receptor, and treatments like abiraterone may increase this ability, suggesting new therapies should target the entire steroid-making pathway.

Most women referred for excess male hormone symptoms had polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), with other conditions being less common.

Blocking the enzyme 5α-reductase can shrink the prostate and help treat enlarged prostate issues.