8 citations,
July 2012 in “Annals of biomedical engineering” Hair absorbs molecules differently based on their size, charge, and love for water, and less at higher pH; this can help make better hair products.
6 citations,
May 2019 in “Journal of pharmaceutical sciences” Diffusion in artificial sebum is mainly influenced by molecular size and is much faster than in skin lipids.
5 citations,
April 2005 in “Journal of applied polymer science” PEI diffuses into hair at a constant rate, and urea speeds up this process.
5 citations,
October 2003 in “PubMed” Chemical treatments and light exposure damage hair proteins.
35 citations,
June 2017 in “Pharmaceutical research” Researchers developed a model that shows hair follicles increase skin absorption of caffeine by 20%.
15 citations,
February 2023 in “Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces” Smaller curcumin nanocrystals penetrate skin better, but additives and particle size affect absorption and accumulation.
7 citations,
March 2019 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” African hair has the most lipids, while Caucasian hair is more hydrated and stronger.
3 citations,
September 2018 in “Current Drug Delivery” The combination of propylene glycol and Tween® 80 improves finasteride gel effectiveness.
1 citations,
November 2022 in “Pharmaceutical research” The simulation showed that hypobaric pressure improves drug delivery through the skin, but stretching alone doesn't fully explain the increase.
49 citations,
September 2008 in “International journal of pharmaceutics” Artificial sebum L closely mimics human sebum for drug delivery research.
2 citations,
October 2022 in “Journal of structural biology” Older thin hair is not just thinner but also has different shape, structure, and stiffness.
January 2018 in “Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” Urea, eucalyptus oil, and menthol improve minoxidil skin absorption.
149 citations,
September 2017 in “Pharmaceutics” Pig skin is a good substitute for human skin to measure drug absorption, but differences in skin structure and enzymes across species must be considered.
32 citations,
September 2018 in “Journal of pharmaceutical sciences” The model better predicts how water-loving and fat-loving substances move through the skin by including tiny pores and hair follicle paths.
39 citations,
November 2016 in “Pharmaceutics” The hair follicle pathway significantly affects how easily water-loving chemicals pass through the skin.
21 citations,
March 2017 in “Skin research and technology” Removing external lipids from hair reduces moisture and increases strength, while removing internal lipids decreases water permeability.
8 citations,
June 2019 in “Pharmaceutical research” Applying heat with certain chemicals can greatly improve how well isotretinoin gets into the skin through hair follicles.
2 citations,
June 2006 in “Experimental dermatology” Skin patterns form through molecular signals and genetic factors, affecting healing and dermatology.
1 citations,
December 2023 in “Scientific reports” 3D microenvironments in microwells improve hair follicle stem cell behavior and hair regeneration.
55 citations,
June 2013 in “Dermatologic Surgery” Ablative fractional resurfacing could improve how well topical drugs penetrate the skin, but more research is needed to fine-tune the method.
October 2022 in “Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences” Different substances can affect how well the skin absorbs minoxidil, a hair loss drug. Caprylic acid helps the skin absorb it the best, followed by propylene glycol and water.
15 citations,
November 2017 in “Drug Delivery and Translational Research” Certain extracts from Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. and germacrone can boost the skin's absorption of minoxidil, a hair growth promoter, making it more effective.
52 citations,
November 2013 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” Chitosan-decorated polymersomes improve finasteride delivery for hair loss treatment.
30 citations,
June 2016 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” Optimized film improves finasteride skin absorption and treatment efficiency.
30 citations,
April 2017 in “Journal of structural biology” Human hair keratin fibers have a detailed nano-scale structure that changes with different conditions.
21 citations,
September 2008 in “Magnetic Resonance Imaging” MRI can effectively image skin structures noninvasively.
15 citations,
October 2012 in “InTech eBooks” Niosomes are a promising and effective way to deliver drugs through the skin.
14 citations,
March 2020 in “Scientific Reports” Using dual-frequency ultrasound with microbubbles can potentially improve the delivery of hair growth treatment through the skin and enhance hair growth.
6 citations,
January 2016 in “Springer eBooks” Invasomes effectively deliver drugs through the skin and have potential for improved treatments.
3 citations,
October 2014 in “Pharmaceutical Development and Technology” The study found a way to improve a skin-applied minoxidil formula using a specific design method.