Biochemistry of Epidermal Stem Cells

July 2012 in “ Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects ”

Richard L. Eckert, Gautam Adhikary, S. Balasubramanian, Ellen A. Rorke, Mohan C. Vemuri, Shayne Boucher, Jackie R. Bickenbach, Candace L. Kerr

epidermal stem cells skin maintenance skin repair stem cell markers niche locations skin function skin cancer signaling pathways microRNAs CD200 keratin 15 Lgr6+ cells sebaceous gland mutations miR-203 keratinocyte differentiation mouse models skin stem cells

TLDR The review found that different stem cell types in the skin are crucial for repair and could help treat skin diseases and cancer.

The 2013 review examined the biochemistry of epidermal stem cells, which are vital for skin maintenance and repair. It covered the identification of stem cell markers, the understanding of their niche locations, and their role in normal skin function and cancer. The review concluded that the epidermis contains multiple stem cell populations, each responsible for different structures, and that these cells are key to repairing damaged skin. It also discussed the potential of these cells in treating skin diseases and cancer, and the importance of signaling pathways and microRNAs in stem cell regulation. Specific markers for human and mouse hair follicle stem cells were identified, such as CD200 and keratin 15, and the role of Lgr6+ cells in the sebaceous gland was noted. The paper suggested that mutations in stem cells could lead to skin cancer and highlighted the role of miRNAs like miR-203 in keratinocyte differentiation and skin stem cell regulation. The research emphasized the progress made in understanding stem cell behavior through mouse models and its implications for treating stem cell-related conditions.

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Research cited in this study

19 / 19 results

research Micro-RNA-31 Controls Hair Cycle-Associated Changes in Gene Expression Programs of the Skin and Hair Follicle

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miR-31 regulates hair growth by controlling gene expression in hair follicles.

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research Identification of the Cell Lineage at the Origin of Basal Cell Carcinoma

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Basal cell carcinoma mostly starts from cells in the upper skin layers, not hair follicle stem cells.

research Epidermal Stem Cell Diversity and Quiescence

168 citations , August 2009 in “EMBO molecular medicine”

Epidermal stem cells are diverse and vary in activity, playing key roles in skin maintenance and repair.

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Hair follicles are complex, dynamic mini-organs that help us understand cell growth, death, migration, and differentiation, as well as tissue regeneration and tumor biology.

research Epidermal Notch Signaling: Differentiation, Cancer, and Adhesion

253 citations , April 2008 in “Current opinion in cell biology”

Notch signalling helps skin cells differentiate and prevents tumors.

research Sic Transit Gloria: Farewell to the Epidermal Transit Amplifying Cell?

153 citations , October 2007 in “Cell Stem Cell”

New research suggests that skin cell renewal may not require a special type of cell previously thought to be essential.

research Safe Selection of Genetically Manipulated Human Primary Keratinocytes with Very High Growth Potential Using CD24

25 citations , August 2007 in “Molecular Therapy”

Researchers found a safe and effective way to pick genetically modified skin cells with high growth potential using CD24.

research The cell-surface marker MTS24 identifies a novel population of follicular keratinocytes with characteristics of progenitor cells

207 citations , July 2006 in “Development”

MTS24 marks a new type of skin cell that helps hair growth and repair.

research Characterization and Isolation of Stem Cell-Enriched Human Hair Follicle Bulge Cells

550 citations , December 2005 in “The Journal of clinical investigation/The journal of clinical investigation”

Researchers successfully isolated and identified key markers of stem cell-enriched human hair follicle bulge cells.

research Defining the Impact of Beta-Catenin/Tcf Transactivation on Epithelial Stem Cells

384 citations , June 2005 in “Genes & development”

β-catenin is essential for stem cell activation and proliferation in hair follicles.

research Molecular Principles of Hair Follicle Induction and Morphogenesis

479 citations , January 2005 in “BioEssays”

Hair follicle development is controlled by interactions between skin tissues and specific molecular signals.

research Location and phenotype of human adult keratinocyte stem cells of the skin

233 citations , October 2004 in “Differentiation”

research Regulation of Involucrin Gene Expression

138 citations , June 2004 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Involucrin gene expression is controlled by specific proteins and signaling pathways.

research Enrichment for Living Murine Keratinocytes from the Hair Follicle Bulge with the Cell Surface Marker CD34

561 citations , April 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

research Expression of ΔNLef1 in mouse epidermis results in differentiation of hair follicles into squamous epidermal cysts and formation of skin tumours

297 citations , January 2002 in “Development”

Overexpression of ΔNLef1 in mouse skin leads to hair loss, cysts, and skin tumors.

research Tcf3 and Lef1 regulate lineage differentiation of multipotent stem cells in skin

555 citations , July 2001 in “Genes & Development”

Tcf3 and Lef1 are key in deciding skin stem cell roles.

research Conditional Disruption of Hedgehog Signaling Pathway Defines Its Critical Role in Hair Development and Regeneration

194 citations , May 2000 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

The hedgehog signaling pathway is crucial for hair growth but not for the initial creation of hair follicles.

research Keratin 19 as a biochemical marker of skin stem cells in vivo and in vitro: keratin 19 expressing cells are differentially localized in function of anatomic sites, and their number varies with donor age and culture stage

441 citations , May 1996 in “Journal of Cell Science”

This study evaluated keratin 19 (K19) as a marker for skin stem cells, using a mouse model to identify these cells as [3H]thymidine-label-retaining cells. K19 was found to be a marker for skin stem cells in hair follicles, with expression varying by body site, donor age, and culture time. K19 was present in hair follicles but absent in interfollicular epidermis at hairy sites, while at glabrous sites, K19-positive cells were located in deep epidermal rete ridges. The study found a higher proportion of K19-positive cells in newborn foreskins compared to older ones, correlating with the variation in keratinocyte culture lifespan and potentially explaining why children heal faster than adults. The findings suggested that K19 expression could be a valuable tool for characterizing skin stem cells in various conditions.

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Compressed part of research of theory of androgenic/anabolitic balance. AGA h-responders analytic. Theory of physio-metabolitic method of anti AGA treatment

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