114 citations,
February 2012 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Smoking harms the skin, causing early aging and increasing cancer risk, but stopping smoking can improve skin health.
71 citations,
February 2020 in “Journal of Translational Medicine” Progress has been made in skin and nerve regeneration, but more research is needed to improve methods and ensure safety.
70 citations,
January 2014 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Keratin proteins are crucial for healthy skin, but mutations can cause skin disorders with no effective treatments yet.
68 citations,
May 2011 in “European Journal of Dermatology” Acne is caused by genetics, diet, hormones, and bacteria, with treatments not yet curative.
59 citations,
March 2008 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Smad-4 and Smad-7 are key in hair follicle development, with other Smads being less important.
46 citations,
September 2016 in “Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” Hormonal treatments are effective for severe or persistent acne and should be used with other acne therapies, considering potential side effects.
44 citations,
June 2006 in “Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin” Androgen hormones cause hair follicle scarring in hair loss, and finasteride helps reduce it.
40 citations,
June 2011 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” FA2H is essential for normal fur and sebum production in mice.
39 citations,
January 2008 in “Journal of Endocrinology” SCF and c-Kit decrease in AGA hair follicles, possibly affecting hair pigmentation and growth.
37 citations,
June 2018 in “Clinical and Experimental Medicine” People with alopecia areata often have lower vitamin D levels and more inflammation, suggesting vitamin D might be involved in the condition.
37 citations,
January 2002 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Apple extract called procyanidin B-2 was found to greatly increase hair growth.
33 citations,
September 2019 in “Dermatologic Surgery” Using a special stem cell formula on the scalp once a month for six months helped people with hair loss grow more hair.
32 citations,
March 2021 in “Journal of endocrinological investigation” Thyroid hormones are important for skin health and changes in them can affect conditions like hair loss and eczema.
14 citations,
December 2007 in “Pediatric allergy and immunology” Newborns with the common rash Erythema Toxicum have many active mast cells in their skin, but these cells don't produce the LL-37 peptide.
13 citations,
January 2021 in “Scientific Reports” Pannexin 3 helps skin and hair growth by controlling a protein called Epiprofin.
13 citations,
July 2012 in “Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research” A mutation in the Adam10 gene causes freckle-like spots on Hairless mice.
11 citations,
September 2012 in “Journal of Nanjing Medical University” Cyclosporine A was found to increase hair growth in mouse whisker follicles.
11 citations,
January 2001 in “Cambridge University Press eBooks” Androgens can cause hair growth in some areas but hair loss on the scalp.
9 citations,
January 2016 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” The study concluded that both estrogen and androgen receptors, which decrease with age, are linked to skin aging and may be hormonally regulated.
9 citations,
January 2008 in “Acta histochemica et cytochemica” COX-2 levels change during the hair cycle and affect skin and hair growth.
8 citations,
June 2019 in “Scientific Reports” Increased PPARGC1α relates to hair thinning in common baldness.
8 citations,
January 2017 in “Stem Cells International” A protein called sFRP4 from skin cells stops the development of pigment-producing cells in hair.
8 citations,
September 2016 in “Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders” Skin health and diseases are closely linked to metabolic processes.
6 citations,
October 2018 in “Bioelectromagnetics” Rice bran extract and low-frequency electromagnetic fields together may help treat vitiligo and white hair.
5 citations,
May 2019 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Narrowband UVB treatment increases certain gene expressions in psoriasis skin and improves symptoms.
5 citations,
March 2019 in “Experimental dermatology” Activating TLR3 may help produce retinoic acid, important for tissue regeneration.
4 citations,
January 2018 in “Cosmetics” Spin traps like PBN could protect skin from pollution and sunlight in cosmetics but need more research for safe use.
4 citations,
January 2015 in “Hair therapy & transplantation” Hair follicle stem cells could be used to treat the skin condition vitiligo.
3 citations,
November 2023 in “Frontiers in cell and developmental biology” Melanocytes are important for skin and hair color and protect the skin from UV damage.
3 citations,
January 2017 in “Journal of cosmetology & trichology” The nutritional supplement improved hair quality and reduced hair loss.