Biology of Melanocytes in Mammals

Melanocytes are pigment-producing cells derived from the neuroectoderm that play a crucial role in skin and hair pigmentation by migrating to the epidermis and follicles during embryonic development. They have a significant self-renewal ability that helps maintain pigmentation in hair and skin. Melanocytes also produce melanin, which protects the skin from ultraviolet radiation damage, and they may have an immune function, although this is less understood. The regulation of pigmentation involves complex interactions between internal melanocyte signals and external factors. This review highlights the importance of melanocytes in skin biology and suggests that further research could lead to new strategies for treating skin disorders.