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This study found that smaller curcumin nanocrystals (60 nm) enhanced transdermal and transfollicular penetration more effectively than larger sizes, influenced by particle size.

This protocol outlines a study aiming to determine if combining 660 nm red laser photobiomodulation and microneedling increases hair density in female pattern hair loss, but it reports no results yet.

In this study, the 308-nm excimer lamp was reported to be a safe alternative treatment for alopecia areata, with a 41.1% overall response rate and a 50% response rate in severe cases.

This study found that combining excimer light at 308 nm with tacrolimus 0.1% was more effective in treating alopecia areata of the scalp compared to excimer light alone, as indicated by a greater reduction in the SALT score and better improvement in Treg function.

This source evaluates the clinical effectiveness of 308 nm monochromatic excimer phototherapy in treating moderate-to-severe alopecia areata, noting that both laser and lamp methods show promise without significant risks.

In this study, NM exposure in mouse skin disrupted pilosebaceous units, initially decreasing markers of sebum production and cellular division, but showed signs of healing and marker recovery by day five.

This study found that single-crystal magnesium samples smaller than 100 nm exhibited increased plastic deformation due to greater activation of nonbasal planes as local flow stresses approached 2 GPa.

This case report describes a rare instance of dermographic urticaria triggered by an 810 nm diode laser for hair removal, with symptoms managed effectively by pre-treatment with levocetirizine.

In this study, low-dose 453 nm blue light appeared to enhance hair growth by interacting with specific photoreceptors in the outer root sheath cells.

In this study, UV-light at 254 nm and Polyquaternium-7 treatment were found to affect the mechanical properties and surface structure of hair.

In this study, researchers developed thermoresponsive nanogels that effectively penetrate hair follicles and release a model drug when triggered by temperature, demonstrating greater penetration for medium to large nanogels (300–500 nm) compared to smaller ones.

The study found that cyproterone acetate-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers, particularly those with a 300 nm diameter, improved skin penetration and targeted hair follicles more effectively than free cyproterone acetate.

In this study, the researchers found that the effectiveness of a 1,550-nm fractional laser in promoting hair growth in mice depends on the specific combination of beam energy and density, with inappropriate settings potentially causing ulcers or hair follicle injury.

This study reported that larger caffeine nanocrystals, at 694 nm, increased caffeine bioavailability via transfollicular penetration compared to smaller nanocrystals, especially in long-term serum concentration measurements.

This review highlights that nanoemulsions, especially those with droplet sizes under 200 nm, show promise in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics by improving drug stability, bioavailability, and reducing side effects, with potential applications in CNS diseases, cancer treatments, and skincare products.

This study reports that optimal follicular penetration in nanocarrier-assisted drug delivery for skin diseases occurs with carrier sizes between 300 and 650 nm, while certain traditional medicine practices have shown effectiveness in treating skin conditions.

In this study, curcumin-loaded nanoparticles with a size of 400 nm showed optimal accumulation in human hair follicles after seven days, although mouse models differed significantly in penetration and retention, indicating limitations in their suitability for follicular drug delivery studies.

In this study, a 3-month treatment with a 2940 nm Er:YAG laser, combined with conventional therapy, effectively reduced microfibrosis around hair follicles and increased hair growth in the anagen stage among 85 men with androgenetic alopecia.

In this study, researchers found that in hairy guinea pig skin, minoxidil delivered via 40-nm nanoparticles had higher skin penetration than 130-nm nanoparticles, indicating nanoparticle size affects permeation.

This review discusses the challenges and contradictions in understanding nanoparticle penetration and toxicity in human skin, emphasizing the need for standardized testing and further research on particles smaller than 10 nm.

This study explored the development of polymeric nanoparticles for topical spironolactone delivery, finding that larger nanoparticles (180 nm) enhanced drug targeting to hair follicles significantly more than smaller ones or non-nanoparticle formulations, offering promise for safer acne and alopecia treatments.

This study developed and optimized a molecularly imprinted polymer-based electrochemical sensor, demonstrating its ability to detect minoxidil with high sensitivity and selectivity at concentrations as low as 0.3 nM, and successfully applied it for minoxidil measurement in various real sample matrices.

This study synthesized silver nanoparticles using an Artocarpus heterophyllus leaf extract and found that these nanoparticles, with a size of 100–110 nm, displayed effective antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal activities in vitro.

This study evaluated green tea extract-loaded spanlastic formulations and found that a vesicle builder to edge activator ratio of 8:2 produced optimal characteristics, including a particle size of 419.70 nm, an entrapment efficiency of 60.85%, and a drug loading of 11.07%.

This study observed that five cases of primary cicatricial alopecia showed an excellent response to a combination of oral zinc and long-pulsed Nd:YAG 1064-nm laser treatment, suggesting this approach may be beneficial for certain types of this condition.

This review highlights novel drug delivery systems for alopecia that enhance localization in the pilosebaceous unit, reduce systemic exposure, and support sustained drug release, with a focus on optimized follicular carriers ranging from 100-300 nm for improved drug residence compared to conventional methods.

This study developed a spectrophotometric method to determine minoxidil in pharmaceuticals, creating a highly sensitive, simple, and cost-effective approach using a synthesized charge transfer complex with a notable absorption peak at 505 nm.

This study reported that rapamycin reduced murine cochlear organoid proliferation depending on concentration, but at a 10-nM dose, it significantly increased hair cell differentiation by enriching SOX2+ progenitors while suppressing cells lacking Sox2 at early proliferation stages.

This study found that the clionasterol-rich hexane fraction of Caulerpa racemosa may protect against particulate matter-induced skin damage by reducing oxidative stress and mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in human keratinocytes and zebrafish.

In this study, transcutaneously applied nanoparticles and viral vectors were shown to penetrate murine hair follicles, internalize in antigen-presenting cells, and induce immune responses, suggesting a promising approach for vaccine delivery.