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In this study, exposure to Myrtus communis leaf extract significantly reduced IL-1α expression and increased VEGF expression in human keratinocytes, which may relate to its traditional use for hair loss and wound healing; further research is necessary to understand its mechanisms.

This study found that hypoxia-conditioned mesenchymal stem cell exosomes increased GM-CSF and decreased IL-1 expression in a dose-dependent manner in a murine model, suggesting potential for treating androgenetic alopecia.

This study found that exosomes derived from hypoxia-conditioned mesenchymal stem cells modulated inflammatory biomarkers by decreasing CXCL12 and increasing IL-10 expression in a DHT-induced androgenic alopecia mouse model, indicating potential for treating hair loss through immunoregulation.

In this study, Exosome Hypoxia Mesenchymal Stem Cells significantly reduced inflammation and promoted hair follicle regeneration by normalizing IL-1Beta and IGF-1 levels in fluconazole-induced alopecia-like Wistar rats.

This study reported a significant upregulation of VEGF, which may help explain the beneficial effects of Ro on wound healing and hair loss, although further in-vitro and in-vivo studies are needed to better understand its molecular mechanisms and potential applications for skin disorders.

This study found that in patients with Alopecia Areata, CD27 and IL-35 levels were significantly higher in those with bacterial infections, suggesting they may be useful as immunological biomarkers.

This study found that patients with alopecia areata had higher serum levels of interleukin-17 and interleukin-23 compared to healthy controls, suggesting these cytokines may play a role in the disease's pathophysiology.

The study conducted at Al-Diwaniya Teaching Hospital found that patients with alopecia areata exhibited significantly higher serum levels of interleukin-17 and interleukin-23 compared to healthy controls, suggesting these cytokines might play a role in the disease's pathophysiology.

In this study using mouse models, researchers found that elevated IL-17a in aged olfactory epithelium impairs olfactory function, while IL-17a inhibition promotes regeneration and mitigates age-related decline.

In this animal study, AGO (agomelatine) effectively alleviated testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, indicating its potential as a therapeutic option for managing BPH through specific signaling pathways.

This study found that the Bioengineered Exosomal Hair Growth Factors Complex (BEHC™) enhanced human follicle dermal papilla cell proliferation and reduced inflammatory markers in vitro, while significantly decreasing hair shedding and increasing hair density among participants with androgenetic alopecia in an open-label clinical study.

In a murine model of alopecia areata, this study observed that the IL-2 fusion protein HCW9302 helped prevent disease development by expanding regulatory T cells and reducing disease-causing effector T cell infiltrates, suggesting potential for using IL-2 fusion proteins in alopecia areata treatment.

Ritlecitinib may help treat alopecia areata by protecting hair follicles.

This study suggests that Breezula® and Minoxidil both enhance hair growth in male pattern hair loss by promoting keratinocyte proliferation, with Breezula® potentially more potent in reducing the hair growth inhibitor IL-6.

IL-17 inhibitors are more effective than methotrexate in preventing psoriatic arthritis in psoriasis patients.

This study found that CGF may be effective in reducing inflammation and improving skin conditions in psoriasis, particularly in patients resistant to other treatments.

This article reviews the current FDA-approved treatments for severe pediatric alopecia areata, including the use of Janus kinase inhibitors, but reports no new clinical findings.

In this study on mice, researchers observed that dermal white adipose tissue (dWAT) plays a key role in regulating skin inflammation and tissue repair; however, reduced expression of certain cytokines in obese mice may hinder these processes, indicating potential metabolic disruptions in dWAT during inflammation.

In this case-control study, the researchers found no significant association between IL-4 VNTR intron 3 and TNF-α (rs1799964) gene polymorphisms and alopecia areata susceptibility among the Egyptian population.

IL-13 protein is much higher in the skin of atopic dermatitis patients than in healthy skin.

IL-27 may help prevent hair loss in alopecia areata by promoting immunosuppressive T cells.

This study found that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 promotes hair growth and regeneration in mice by prolonging the anagen phase and counteracting DHT's inhibitory effects, suggesting its potential therapeutic role for androgenetic alopecia.

In this study, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) induced IL-4/IL-13 from T cells, prompting sebum secretion and adipose loss, suggesting IL-4/IL-13 may affect skin barrier function in atopic dermatitis.

In a mouse model of alopecia areata, this study found that IL-27 overexpression using an adeno-associated virus protected against disease development, potentially by promoting immunosuppressive T cells and reducing CD8 T cell infiltration into hair follicles.

In this study, researchers observed that a topical gel containing 20% hypoxia mesenchymal stem cell secretome significantly reduced IL-15 and IFN-γ mRNA expression and baldness by 60% in male Wistar rats with fluconazole-related alopecia.

In this study, secretomes from hypoxic mesenchymal stem cells were found to increase PDGF and reduce IL-1β gene expression in rats, potentially offering an effective topical treatment for alopecia caused by long-term fluconazole use.

This study found that IL-4 VNTR intron 3 and TNF-α (rs1799964) gene polymorphisms do not have a significant association with alopecia areata susceptibility in the Egyptian population.

This study suggests that administering SH-MSCs gel might decrease IL-6 expression and increase TGF-β expression in alopecia-like rats, indicating potential for alopecia therapy.

In this study, topical administration of secretome hypoxia mesenchymal stem cells gel increased IL-10 and decreased TNF-α gene expression in a fluconazole-induced alopecia-like model in rats, with the 40 μL dose having the most significant effect.

In this study, researchers found that ex vivo and in vivo administration of the TYK2 inhibitor BMS-986202 prevented immune privilege collapse and promoted hair regrowth in models of alopecia areata, suggesting this approach may offer a new therapeutic avenue deserving of clinical investigation.